Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics
Hydroxyurea, an oral medication with important clinical benefits in the treatment of sickle cell anemia, can be accurately determined in plasma with a transition metal dichalcogenide-based electrochemical sensor. We used a two-dimensional molybdenum sulfide material (MoS<sub>2</sub>) sel...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/6 |
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| author | Remi Cazelles Rajendra P. Shukla Russell E. Ware Alexander A. Vinks Hadar Ben-Yoav |
| author_facet | Remi Cazelles Rajendra P. Shukla Russell E. Ware Alexander A. Vinks Hadar Ben-Yoav |
| author_sort | Remi Cazelles |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydroxyurea, an oral medication with important clinical benefits in the treatment of sickle cell anemia, can be accurately determined in plasma with a transition metal dichalcogenide-based electrochemical sensor. We used a two-dimensional molybdenum sulfide material (MoS<sub>2</sub>) selectively electrodeposited on a polycrystalline gold electrode via tailored waveform polarization in the gold electrical double layer formation region. The electro-activity of the modified electrode depends on the electrical waveform parameters used to electro-deposit MoS<sub>2</sub>. The concomitant oxidation of the MoS<sub>2</sub> material during its electrodeposition allows for the tuning of the sensor’s specificity. Chemometrics, utilizing mathematical procedures such as principal component analysis and multivariable partial least square regression, were used to process the electrochemical data generated at the bare and the modified electrodes, thus allowing the hydroxyurea concentrations to be predicted in human plasma. A limit-of-detection of 22 nM and a sensitivity of 37 nA cm<sup>−2</sup> µM<sup>−1</sup> were found to be suitable for pharmaceutical and clinical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6bfba2e51a954c71801ae1ffb36672ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-6bfba2e51a954c71801ae1ffb36672ee2023-11-21T02:23:40ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592020-12-0191610.3390/biomedicines9010006Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and ChemometricsRemi Cazelles0Rajendra P. Shukla1Russell E. Ware2Alexander A. Vinks3Hadar Ben-Yoav4Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, IsraelNanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, IsraelDivision of Pediatric Hematology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USANanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, IsraelHydroxyurea, an oral medication with important clinical benefits in the treatment of sickle cell anemia, can be accurately determined in plasma with a transition metal dichalcogenide-based electrochemical sensor. We used a two-dimensional molybdenum sulfide material (MoS<sub>2</sub>) selectively electrodeposited on a polycrystalline gold electrode via tailored waveform polarization in the gold electrical double layer formation region. The electro-activity of the modified electrode depends on the electrical waveform parameters used to electro-deposit MoS<sub>2</sub>. The concomitant oxidation of the MoS<sub>2</sub> material during its electrodeposition allows for the tuning of the sensor’s specificity. Chemometrics, utilizing mathematical procedures such as principal component analysis and multivariable partial least square regression, were used to process the electrochemical data generated at the bare and the modified electrodes, thus allowing the hydroxyurea concentrations to be predicted in human plasma. A limit-of-detection of 22 nM and a sensitivity of 37 nA cm<sup>−2</sup> µM<sup>−1</sup> were found to be suitable for pharmaceutical and clinical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/6hydroxyureamolybdenum sulfideelectroanalytical chemistrychemometricselectronic tonguesickle cell disease |
| spellingShingle | Remi Cazelles Rajendra P. Shukla Russell E. Ware Alexander A. Vinks Hadar Ben-Yoav Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics Biomedicines hydroxyurea molybdenum sulfide electroanalytical chemistry chemometrics electronic tongue sickle cell disease |
| title | Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics |
| title_full | Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics |
| title_short | Electrochemical Determination of Hydroxyurea in a Complex Biological Matrix Using MoS<sub>2</sub>-Modified Electrodes and Chemometrics |
| title_sort | electrochemical determination of hydroxyurea in a complex biological matrix using mos sub 2 sub modified electrodes and chemometrics |
| topic | hydroxyurea molybdenum sulfide electroanalytical chemistry chemometrics electronic tongue sickle cell disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/1/6 |
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