Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative lesion in which two main KS cell sources are currently sustained: endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal/stromal cells. Our objective is to establish the tissue location, characteristics and transdifferentiation steps to the KS cells of the latter. For t...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3793 |
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| author | Lucio Díaz-Flores Ricardo Gutiérrez Miriam González-Gómez Maria del Pino García Marta Palmas Jose Luis Carrasco Juan Francisco Madrid Lucio Díaz-Flores |
| author_facet | Lucio Díaz-Flores Ricardo Gutiérrez Miriam González-Gómez Maria del Pino García Marta Palmas Jose Luis Carrasco Juan Francisco Madrid Lucio Díaz-Flores |
| author_sort | Lucio Díaz-Flores |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative lesion in which two main KS cell sources are currently sustained: endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal/stromal cells. Our objective is to establish the tissue location, characteristics and transdifferentiation steps to the KS cells of the latter. For this purpose, we studied specimens of 49 cases of cutaneous KS using immunochemistry and confocal and electron microscopy. The results showed that delimiting CD34+ stromal cells/Telocytes (CD34+SCs/TCs) in the external layer of the pre-existing blood vessels and around skin appendages form small convergent lumens, express markers for ECs of blood and lymphatic vessels, share ultrastructural characteristics with ECs and participate in the origin of two main types of neovessels, the evolution of which gives rise to lymphangiomatous or spindle-cell patterns—the substrate of the main KS histopathological variants. Intraluminal folds and pillars (papillae) are formed in the neovessels, which suggests they increase by vessel splitting (intussusceptive angiogenesis and intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis). In conclusion, delimiting CD34+SCs/TCs are mesenchymal/stromal cells that can transdifferentiate into KS ECs, participating in the formation of two types of neovessels. The subsequent growth of the latter involves intussusceptive mechanisms, originating several KS variants. These findings are of histogenic, clinical and therapeutic interest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:41:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c07fc5d185b4d7ca7842026ad37b18a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:41:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c07fc5d185b4d7ca7842026ad37b18a2023-11-16T21:05:03ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244379310.3390/ijms24043793Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi SarcomaLucio Díaz-Flores0Ricardo Gutiérrez1Miriam González-Gómez2Maria del Pino García3Marta Palmas4Jose Luis Carrasco5Juan Francisco Madrid6Lucio Díaz-Flores7Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Eurofins Megalab–Hospiten Hospitals, 38100 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, SpainDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, SpainKaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative lesion in which two main KS cell sources are currently sustained: endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal/stromal cells. Our objective is to establish the tissue location, characteristics and transdifferentiation steps to the KS cells of the latter. For this purpose, we studied specimens of 49 cases of cutaneous KS using immunochemistry and confocal and electron microscopy. The results showed that delimiting CD34+ stromal cells/Telocytes (CD34+SCs/TCs) in the external layer of the pre-existing blood vessels and around skin appendages form small convergent lumens, express markers for ECs of blood and lymphatic vessels, share ultrastructural characteristics with ECs and participate in the origin of two main types of neovessels, the evolution of which gives rise to lymphangiomatous or spindle-cell patterns—the substrate of the main KS histopathological variants. Intraluminal folds and pillars (papillae) are formed in the neovessels, which suggests they increase by vessel splitting (intussusceptive angiogenesis and intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis). In conclusion, delimiting CD34+SCs/TCs are mesenchymal/stromal cells that can transdifferentiate into KS ECs, participating in the formation of two types of neovessels. The subsequent growth of the latter involves intussusceptive mechanisms, originating several KS variants. These findings are of histogenic, clinical and therapeutic interest.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3793Kaposi sarcomamesenchymal/stromal cellsCD34+ stromal cells/telocytesintussusceptive angiogenesisintussusceptive lymphangiogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Lucio Díaz-Flores Ricardo Gutiérrez Miriam González-Gómez Maria del Pino García Marta Palmas Jose Luis Carrasco Juan Francisco Madrid Lucio Díaz-Flores Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma International Journal of Molecular Sciences Kaposi sarcoma mesenchymal/stromal cells CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes intussusceptive angiogenesis intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis |
| title | Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma |
| title_full | Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma |
| title_fullStr | Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma |
| title_short | Delimiting CD34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes Are Resident Mesenchymal Cells That Participate in Neovessel Formation in Skin Kaposi Sarcoma |
| title_sort | delimiting cd34 stromal cells telocytes are resident mesenchymal cells that participate in neovessel formation in skin kaposi sarcoma |
| topic | Kaposi sarcoma mesenchymal/stromal cells CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes intussusceptive angiogenesis intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3793 |
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