Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles
Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2008-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| Online Access: | http://www.dovepress.com/association-between-randallrsquos-plaque-and-calcifying-nanoparticles-a744 |
| _version_ | 1819000075093803008 |
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| author | Neva Çiftçioglu Kaveh Vejdani Olivia Lee Grace Mathew Katja M Aho et al |
| author_facet | Neva Çiftçioglu Kaveh Vejdani Olivia Lee Grace Mathew Katja M Aho et al |
| author_sort | Neva Çiftçioglu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3University of Kuopio, Department of Biosciences/Biochemistry, Kuopio/Finland; 4Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa, FL, USA; 5National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USAObjectives: Randall initially described calcified subepithelial papillary plaques, which he hypothesized as nidi for urinary calculi. The discovery of calcifying nanoparticles (CNP), also referred to as nanobacteria, in calcified soft tissues has raised another hypothesis about their possible involvement in urinary stone formation. This research is the first attempt to investigate the potential association of these two hypotheses.Methods: We collected renal papilla and blood samples from 17 human patients who had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was applied using monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CNP. Homogenized papillary tissues and serum samples were cultured for CNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on papillary samples. Serum samples were tested for CNP antigen and antibody with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Randall’s plaques (RP) were visible on gross inspection in 11 out of 17 samples. IHS was positive for CNP antigen in 8 of the visually positive samples, but in only 1 of the remaining samples. SEM revealed spherical apatite-formations in 14 samples confirmed by EDS analysis. In cultures, all serum samples and 13 tissue homogenates grew CNP. In ELISA, 14 samples were positive for CNP-antigen and 11 samples were positive for CNP-antibody.Conclusion: There was evidence of a link between detection of CNP and presence of RP. Although causality was not demonstrated, these results suggest that further studies with negative control samples should be made to explore the etiology of RP formation, thus leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of stone formation.Keywords: calcifying nanoparticles, nanobacteria, Randall’s plaque, urinary stone |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:27:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1176-9114 1178-2013 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:27:33Z |
| publishDate | 2008-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c09088e03c64c03b96d7986a1c8b3bc2022-12-21T19:24:47ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Nanomedicine1176-91141178-20132008-03-012008Issue 1105115Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticlesNeva ÇiftçiogluKaveh VejdaniOlivia LeeGrace MathewKatja M Ahoet alNeva Çiftçioglu1, Kaveh Vejdani2, Olivia Lee2, Grace Mathew1, Katja M Aho3, E Olavi Kajander4, David S McKay5, Jeffrey A Jones5, Marshall L Stoller21Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; 2Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; 3University of Kuopio, Department of Biosciences/Biochemistry, Kuopio/Finland; 4Nanobac Pharmaceuticals, Tampa, FL, USA; 5National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USAObjectives: Randall initially described calcified subepithelial papillary plaques, which he hypothesized as nidi for urinary calculi. The discovery of calcifying nanoparticles (CNP), also referred to as nanobacteria, in calcified soft tissues has raised another hypothesis about their possible involvement in urinary stone formation. This research is the first attempt to investigate the potential association of these two hypotheses.Methods: We collected renal papilla and blood samples from 17 human patients who had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was applied using monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CNP. Homogenized papillary tissues and serum samples were cultured for CNP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on papillary samples. Serum samples were tested for CNP antigen and antibody with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Randall’s plaques (RP) were visible on gross inspection in 11 out of 17 samples. IHS was positive for CNP antigen in 8 of the visually positive samples, but in only 1 of the remaining samples. SEM revealed spherical apatite-formations in 14 samples confirmed by EDS analysis. In cultures, all serum samples and 13 tissue homogenates grew CNP. In ELISA, 14 samples were positive for CNP-antigen and 11 samples were positive for CNP-antibody.Conclusion: There was evidence of a link between detection of CNP and presence of RP. Although causality was not demonstrated, these results suggest that further studies with negative control samples should be made to explore the etiology of RP formation, thus leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of stone formation.Keywords: calcifying nanoparticles, nanobacteria, Randall’s plaque, urinary stonehttp://www.dovepress.com/association-between-randallrsquos-plaque-and-calcifying-nanoparticles-a744 |
| spellingShingle | Neva Çiftçioglu Kaveh Vejdani Olivia Lee Grace Mathew Katja M Aho et al Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| title | Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| title_full | Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| title_short | Association between Randall’s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| title_sort | association between randall amp rsquo s plaque and calcifying nanoparticles |
| url | http://www.dovepress.com/association-between-randallrsquos-plaque-and-calcifying-nanoparticles-a744 |
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