Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria
In early 2017 high particulate matter (PM) levels were observed across mid-Europe, including Austria. Here we characterize PM pollution in the city of Graz during January to March 2017, a period with substantial exceedances (34 days) of the European Union (EU) PM<sub>10</sub> short time...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4222 |
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| author | Bernadette Kirchsteiger Magdalena Kistler Thomas Steinkogler Christopher Herzig Andreas Limbeck Christian Schmidt Harald Rieder Anne Kasper-Giebl |
| author_facet | Bernadette Kirchsteiger Magdalena Kistler Thomas Steinkogler Christopher Herzig Andreas Limbeck Christian Schmidt Harald Rieder Anne Kasper-Giebl |
| author_sort | Bernadette Kirchsteiger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In early 2017 high particulate matter (PM) levels were observed across mid-Europe, including Austria. Here we characterize PM pollution in the city of Graz during January to March 2017, a period with substantial exceedances (34 days) of the European Union (EU) PM<sub>10</sub> short time limit value. This study evaluates whether the observed exceedances can be attributed to the accumulation of pollutants emitted by local sources or to a larger scale pollution episode including transport. The analyses are based on the ratios of PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations determined at an urban and background site, and the analyses of chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples (i.e., water soluble ions, organic and elemental carbon, anhydro-sugars, humic-like substances, aluminum, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Source apportionment was realized using a macro-tracer model. Overall, the combination of different approaches (PM<sub>10</sub> ratios, chemical composition, and macro-tracer derived source apportionment) enabled a conclusive identification of time periods characterized by the accumulation of emissions from local sources or regional pollution episodes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:01:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c12770c75ee452f83de04c21ace8d02 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:01:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c12770c75ee452f83de04c21ace8d022023-11-20T04:25:17ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-06-011012422210.3390/app10124222Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, AustriaBernadette Kirchsteiger0Magdalena Kistler1Thomas Steinkogler2Christopher Herzig3Andreas Limbeck4Christian Schmidt5Harald Rieder6Anne Kasper-Giebl7TU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaTU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaTU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaTU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaTU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaWegener Center for Climate and Global Change, University of Graz, Brandhofgasse 5, A-8010 Graz, AustriaInstitute of Meteorology and Climatology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, AustriaTU Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaIn early 2017 high particulate matter (PM) levels were observed across mid-Europe, including Austria. Here we characterize PM pollution in the city of Graz during January to March 2017, a period with substantial exceedances (34 days) of the European Union (EU) PM<sub>10</sub> short time limit value. This study evaluates whether the observed exceedances can be attributed to the accumulation of pollutants emitted by local sources or to a larger scale pollution episode including transport. The analyses are based on the ratios of PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations determined at an urban and background site, and the analyses of chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub> samples (i.e., water soluble ions, organic and elemental carbon, anhydro-sugars, humic-like substances, aluminum, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). Source apportionment was realized using a macro-tracer model. Overall, the combination of different approaches (PM<sub>10</sub> ratios, chemical composition, and macro-tracer derived source apportionment) enabled a conclusive identification of time periods characterized by the accumulation of emissions from local sources or regional pollution episodes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4222particulate matterPM exceedancepolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsmacro-tracersource apportionmenturban impact |
| spellingShingle | Bernadette Kirchsteiger Magdalena Kistler Thomas Steinkogler Christopher Herzig Andreas Limbeck Christian Schmidt Harald Rieder Anne Kasper-Giebl Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria Applied Sciences particulate matter PM exceedance polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons macro-tracer source apportionment urban impact |
| title | Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria |
| title_full | Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria |
| title_fullStr | Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria |
| title_short | Combination of Different Approaches to Infer Local or Regional Contributions to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Burdens in Graz, Austria |
| title_sort | combination of different approaches to infer local or regional contributions to pm sub 2 5 sub burdens in graz austria |
| topic | particulate matter PM exceedance polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons macro-tracer source apportionment urban impact |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/12/4222 |
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