An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability
The interest around essential oils is constantly increasing thanks to their biological properties exploitable in several fields, from pharmaceuticals to food and agriculture. However, their widespread use and marketing are still restricted due to their poor physico-chemical properties; i.e., high vo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/135 |
| _version_ | 1818940909843120128 |
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| author | Lucia Pavoni Diego Romano Perinelli Giulia Bonacucina Marco Cespi Giovanni Filippo Palmieri |
| author_facet | Lucia Pavoni Diego Romano Perinelli Giulia Bonacucina Marco Cespi Giovanni Filippo Palmieri |
| author_sort | Lucia Pavoni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interest around essential oils is constantly increasing thanks to their biological properties exploitable in several fields, from pharmaceuticals to food and agriculture. However, their widespread use and marketing are still restricted due to their poor physico-chemical properties; i.e., high volatility, thermal decomposition, low water solubility, and stability issues. At the moment, the most suitable approach to overcome such limitations is based on the development of proper formulation strategies. One of the approaches suggested to achieve this goal is the so-called encapsulation process through the preparation of aqueous nano-dispersions. Among them, micro- and nanoemulsions are the most studied thanks to the ease of formulation, handling and to their manufacturing costs. In this direction, this review intends to offer an overview of the formulation, preparation and stability parameters of micro- and nanoemulsions. Specifically, recent literature has been examined in order to define the most common practices adopted (materials and fabrication methods), highlighting their suitability and effectiveness. Finally, relevant points related to formulations, such as optimization, characterization, stability and safety, not deeply studied or clarified yet, were discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:47:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c13cb6cce6c4f4e9077fc6a47f8ced9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:47:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c13cb6cce6c4f4e9077fc6a47f8ced92022-12-21T19:49:40ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-01-0110113510.3390/nano10010135nano10010135An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and StabilityLucia Pavoni0Diego Romano Perinelli1Giulia Bonacucina2Marco Cespi3Giovanni Filippo Palmieri4School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, ItalySchool of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, ItalySchool of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, ItalySchool of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, ItalySchool of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, ItalyThe interest around essential oils is constantly increasing thanks to their biological properties exploitable in several fields, from pharmaceuticals to food and agriculture. However, their widespread use and marketing are still restricted due to their poor physico-chemical properties; i.e., high volatility, thermal decomposition, low water solubility, and stability issues. At the moment, the most suitable approach to overcome such limitations is based on the development of proper formulation strategies. One of the approaches suggested to achieve this goal is the so-called encapsulation process through the preparation of aqueous nano-dispersions. Among them, micro- and nanoemulsions are the most studied thanks to the ease of formulation, handling and to their manufacturing costs. In this direction, this review intends to offer an overview of the formulation, preparation and stability parameters of micro- and nanoemulsions. Specifically, recent literature has been examined in order to define the most common practices adopted (materials and fabrication methods), highlighting their suitability and effectiveness. Finally, relevant points related to formulations, such as optimization, characterization, stability and safety, not deeply studied or clarified yet, were discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/135essential oilnanoemulsionmicroemulsionsurfactantco-surfactant |
| spellingShingle | Lucia Pavoni Diego Romano Perinelli Giulia Bonacucina Marco Cespi Giovanni Filippo Palmieri An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability Nanomaterials essential oil nanoemulsion microemulsion surfactant co-surfactant |
| title | An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability |
| title_full | An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability |
| title_fullStr | An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability |
| title_short | An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability |
| title_sort | overview of micro and nanoemulsions as vehicles for essential oils formulation preparation and stability |
| topic | essential oil nanoemulsion microemulsion surfactant co-surfactant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/1/135 |
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