Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model
Immune evasion is a major challenge for the development of successful cancer treatments. One of the known mechanisms is the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs)—proteins regulating the immune cells activation. The advent of immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to block the immune check...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/804 |
| _version_ | 1797626535264387072 |
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| author | Mikolaj Kocikowski Katarzyna Dziubek Maciej Parys |
| author_facet | Mikolaj Kocikowski Katarzyna Dziubek Maciej Parys |
| author_sort | Mikolaj Kocikowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Immune evasion is a major challenge for the development of successful cancer treatments. One of the known mechanisms is the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs)—proteins regulating the immune cells activation. The advent of immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to block the immune checkpoint receptor-ligand interaction brought about a landslide improvement in the treatment responses, leading to a prompt approval of such therapeutics. In recent years, it was discovered that a subset of patients receiving IC blockade treatment experienced a previously unknown pattern of treatment response called hyperprogression (HP), characterised by rapid deterioration on initialisation of the therapy. HP represents an urgent issue for clinicians and drug developers, while posing questions about the adequacy of the current clinical trial process. Here, we briefly summarise the state of knowledge and propose new directions for research into HP mechanisms, focusing on tumour-intrinsic signalling of IC proteins malignantly expressed by cancer. We also discuss the potential role of spontaneously occurring canine cancer in the assessment of immunotherapeutics, which can provide the missing link between murine and human studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:12:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c1f44926884409286a89c4a28a52dd0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:12:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c1f44926884409286a89c4a28a52dd02023-11-16T14:26:04ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-03-0112480410.3390/cancers12040804Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal ModelMikolaj Kocikowski0Katarzyna Dziubek1Maciej Parys2International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandInternational Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, PolandThe Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UKImmune evasion is a major challenge for the development of successful cancer treatments. One of the known mechanisms is the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs)—proteins regulating the immune cells activation. The advent of immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to block the immune checkpoint receptor-ligand interaction brought about a landslide improvement in the treatment responses, leading to a prompt approval of such therapeutics. In recent years, it was discovered that a subset of patients receiving IC blockade treatment experienced a previously unknown pattern of treatment response called hyperprogression (HP), characterised by rapid deterioration on initialisation of the therapy. HP represents an urgent issue for clinicians and drug developers, while posing questions about the adequacy of the current clinical trial process. Here, we briefly summarise the state of knowledge and propose new directions for research into HP mechanisms, focusing on tumour-intrinsic signalling of IC proteins malignantly expressed by cancer. We also discuss the potential role of spontaneously occurring canine cancer in the assessment of immunotherapeutics, which can provide the missing link between murine and human studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/804hyperprogressionhyperprogressive diseasetumour-intrinsic signallingcancerimmunotherapycomparative oncology |
| spellingShingle | Mikolaj Kocikowski Katarzyna Dziubek Maciej Parys Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model Cancers hyperprogression hyperprogressive disease tumour-intrinsic signalling cancer immunotherapy comparative oncology |
| title | Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model |
| title_full | Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model |
| title_fullStr | Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model |
| title_short | Hyperprogression Under Immune Checkpoint-Based Immunotherapy—Current Understanding, The Role of PD-1/PD-L1 Tumour-Intrinsic Signalling, Future Directions and a Potential Large Animal Model |
| title_sort | hyperprogression under immune checkpoint based immunotherapy current understanding the role of pd 1 pd l1 tumour intrinsic signalling future directions and a potential large animal model |
| topic | hyperprogression hyperprogressive disease tumour-intrinsic signalling cancer immunotherapy comparative oncology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/804 |
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