Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, there are still no drugs available to treat or prevent AD effectively. Here, we examined changes in levels of selected proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of AD using plasma samples of control subjects and patients w...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/1/138 |
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| author | Jae-Whan Kim Soon-Young Jung Youngbin Kim Hansol Heo Chang-Hyung Hong Sang-Won Seo Seong-Hye Choi Sang-Joon Son Seongju Lee Jaerak Chang |
| author_facet | Jae-Whan Kim Soon-Young Jung Youngbin Kim Hansol Heo Chang-Hyung Hong Sang-Won Seo Seong-Hye Choi Sang-Joon Son Seongju Lee Jaerak Chang |
| author_sort | Jae-Whan Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, there are still no drugs available to treat or prevent AD effectively. Here, we examined changes in levels of selected proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of AD using plasma samples of control subjects and patients with cognition impairment. To precisely categorize the disease, fifty-six participants were examined with clinical cognitive tests, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and white matter hyperintensities scored by magnetic resonance imaging. Plasma cathepsin D levels of the subjects were examined by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation of plasma cathepsin D levels with AD-related factors and clinical characteristics were examined by statistical analysis. By analyzing quantitative immunoblot and ELISA, we found that the plasma level of cathepsin D, a major lysosomal protease, was decreased in the group with amyloid plaque deposition at the brain compared to the control group. The level of plasma cathepsin D was negatively correlated with clinical dementia rating scale sum of boxes (CDR-SB) scores. In addition, our integrated multivariable logistic regression model suggests the high performance of plasma cathepsin D level for discriminating AD from non-AD. These results suggest that the plasma cathepsin D level could be developed as a diagnostic biomarker candidate for AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c2893ea1ef94901bd65cc03a9489592 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c2893ea1ef94901bd65cc03a94895922023-12-03T12:54:02ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-01-0110113810.3390/cells10010138Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s DiseaseJae-Whan Kim0Soon-Young Jung1Youngbin Kim2Hansol Heo3Chang-Hyung Hong4Sang-Won Seo5Seong-Hye Choi6Sang-Joon Son7Seongju Lee8Jaerak Chang9Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaSamsung Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaProgram in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, KoreaAlthough Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, there are still no drugs available to treat or prevent AD effectively. Here, we examined changes in levels of selected proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of AD using plasma samples of control subjects and patients with cognition impairment. To precisely categorize the disease, fifty-six participants were examined with clinical cognitive tests, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and white matter hyperintensities scored by magnetic resonance imaging. Plasma cathepsin D levels of the subjects were examined by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation of plasma cathepsin D levels with AD-related factors and clinical characteristics were examined by statistical analysis. By analyzing quantitative immunoblot and ELISA, we found that the plasma level of cathepsin D, a major lysosomal protease, was decreased in the group with amyloid plaque deposition at the brain compared to the control group. The level of plasma cathepsin D was negatively correlated with clinical dementia rating scale sum of boxes (CDR-SB) scores. In addition, our integrated multivariable logistic regression model suggests the high performance of plasma cathepsin D level for discriminating AD from non-AD. These results suggest that the plasma cathepsin D level could be developed as a diagnostic biomarker candidate for AD.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/1/138cathepsin DAlzheimer’s diseaseplasma biomarkerCDR-SB score |
| spellingShingle | Jae-Whan Kim Soon-Young Jung Youngbin Kim Hansol Heo Chang-Hyung Hong Sang-Won Seo Seong-Hye Choi Sang-Joon Son Seongju Lee Jaerak Chang Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease Cells cathepsin D Alzheimer’s disease plasma biomarker CDR-SB score |
| title | Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Identification of Cathepsin D as a Plasma Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | identification of cathepsin d as a plasma biomarker for alzheimer s disease |
| topic | cathepsin D Alzheimer’s disease plasma biomarker CDR-SB score |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/1/138 |
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