Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function
The cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins in Arabidopsis play an essential role in the production of cellulose in the cell walls. Herbicides such as isoxaben and flupoxam specifically target this production process and are prominent cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs). Forward genetic screens in A...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01152/full |
| _version_ | 1818693222066552832 |
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| author | Isaac Shim Robert Law Zachary Kileeg Patricia Stronghill Julian G. B. Northey Janice L. Strap Dario T. Bonetta |
| author_facet | Isaac Shim Robert Law Zachary Kileeg Patricia Stronghill Julian G. B. Northey Janice L. Strap Dario T. Bonetta |
| author_sort | Isaac Shim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins in Arabidopsis play an essential role in the production of cellulose in the cell walls. Herbicides such as isoxaben and flupoxam specifically target this production process and are prominent cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs). Forward genetic screens in Arabidopsis revealed that mutations that can result in varying degrees of resistance to either isoxaben or flupoxam CBI can be attributed to single amino acid substitutions in primary wall CESAs. Missense mutations were almost exclusively present in the predicted transmembrane regions of CESA1, CESA3, and CESA6. Resistance to isoxaben was also conferred by modification to the catalytic residues of CESA3. This resulted in cellulose deficient phenotypes characterized by reduced crystallinity and dwarfism. However, mapping of mutations to the transmembrane regions also lead to growth phenotypes and altered cellulose crystallinity phenotypes. These results provide further genetic evidence supporting the involvement of CESA transmembrane regions in cellulose biosynthesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T13:10:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c2b6a8581e64d4780efb14c2de8ebd5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T13:10:15Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c2b6a8581e64d4780efb14c2de8ebd52022-12-21T21:47:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2018-08-01910.3389/fpls.2018.01152392595Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein FunctionIsaac Shim0Robert Law1Zachary Kileeg2Patricia Stronghill3Julian G. B. Northey4Janice L. Strap5Dario T. Bonetta6Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaFaculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaFaculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough Campus, Toronto, ON, CanadaFaculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaFaculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaFaculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, CanadaThe cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins in Arabidopsis play an essential role in the production of cellulose in the cell walls. Herbicides such as isoxaben and flupoxam specifically target this production process and are prominent cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs). Forward genetic screens in Arabidopsis revealed that mutations that can result in varying degrees of resistance to either isoxaben or flupoxam CBI can be attributed to single amino acid substitutions in primary wall CESAs. Missense mutations were almost exclusively present in the predicted transmembrane regions of CESA1, CESA3, and CESA6. Resistance to isoxaben was also conferred by modification to the catalytic residues of CESA3. This resulted in cellulose deficient phenotypes characterized by reduced crystallinity and dwarfism. However, mapping of mutations to the transmembrane regions also lead to growth phenotypes and altered cellulose crystallinity phenotypes. These results provide further genetic evidence supporting the involvement of CESA transmembrane regions in cellulose biosynthesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01152/fullCESAisoxabenflupoxamArabidopsiscellulose crystallinity |
| spellingShingle | Isaac Shim Robert Law Zachary Kileeg Patricia Stronghill Julian G. B. Northey Janice L. Strap Dario T. Bonetta Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function Frontiers in Plant Science CESA isoxaben flupoxam Arabidopsis cellulose crystallinity |
| title | Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function |
| title_full | Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function |
| title_fullStr | Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function |
| title_short | Alleles Causing Resistance to Isoxaben and Flupoxam Highlight the Significance of Transmembrane Domains for CESA Protein Function |
| title_sort | alleles causing resistance to isoxaben and flupoxam highlight the significance of transmembrane domains for cesa protein function |
| topic | CESA isoxaben flupoxam Arabidopsis cellulose crystallinity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01152/full |
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