The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations
Dopamine is likely the most studied modulatory neurotransmitter, in great part due to characteristic motor deficits in Parkinson’s disease that arise after the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra <i>pars compacta</i> (SNc). The SNc, together with the ventral...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/20/11284 |
| _version_ | 1797514296932958208 |
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| author | Juan Pérez-Fernández Marta Barandela Cecilia Jiménez-López |
| author_facet | Juan Pérez-Fernández Marta Barandela Cecilia Jiménez-López |
| author_sort | Juan Pérez-Fernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dopamine is likely the most studied modulatory neurotransmitter, in great part due to characteristic motor deficits in Parkinson’s disease that arise after the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra <i>pars compacta</i> (SNc). The SNc, together with the ventral tegmental area (VTA), play a key role modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia. In contrast to the large amount of existing literature addressing the mammalian dopaminergic system, comparatively little is known in other vertebrate groups. However, in the last several years, numerous studies have been carried out in basal vertebrates, allowing a better understanding of the evolution of the dopaminergic system, especially the SNc/VTA. We provide an overview of existing research in basal vertebrates, mainly focusing on lampreys, belonging to the oldest group of extant vertebrates. The lamprey dopaminergic system and its role in modulating motor responses have been characterized in significant detail, both anatomically and functionally, providing the basis for understanding the evolution of the SNc/VTA in vertebrates. When considered alongside results from other early vertebrates, data in lampreys show that the key role of the SNc/VTA dopaminergic neurons modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia was already well developed early in vertebrate evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:29:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c33a89ef5cf496aab578b9c80fa043b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:29:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c33a89ef5cf496aab578b9c80fa043b2023-11-22T18:36:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-10-0122201128410.3390/ijms222011284The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary ConsiderationsJuan Pérez-Fernández0Marta Barandela1Cecilia Jiménez-López2Center for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Neurocircuits Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainCenter for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Neurocircuits Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainCenter for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Neurocircuits Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainDopamine is likely the most studied modulatory neurotransmitter, in great part due to characteristic motor deficits in Parkinson’s disease that arise after the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra <i>pars compacta</i> (SNc). The SNc, together with the ventral tegmental area (VTA), play a key role modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia. In contrast to the large amount of existing literature addressing the mammalian dopaminergic system, comparatively little is known in other vertebrate groups. However, in the last several years, numerous studies have been carried out in basal vertebrates, allowing a better understanding of the evolution of the dopaminergic system, especially the SNc/VTA. We provide an overview of existing research in basal vertebrates, mainly focusing on lampreys, belonging to the oldest group of extant vertebrates. The lamprey dopaminergic system and its role in modulating motor responses have been characterized in significant detail, both anatomically and functionally, providing the basis for understanding the evolution of the SNc/VTA in vertebrates. When considered alongside results from other early vertebrates, data in lampreys show that the key role of the SNc/VTA dopaminergic neurons modulating motor responses through the basal ganglia was already well developed early in vertebrate evolution.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/20/11284basal gangliaSNcVTAlampreysaliencereward |
| spellingShingle | Juan Pérez-Fernández Marta Barandela Cecilia Jiménez-López The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations International Journal of Molecular Sciences basal ganglia SNc VTA lamprey salience reward |
| title | The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations |
| title_full | The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations |
| title_fullStr | The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations |
| title_short | The Dopaminergic Control of Movement-Evolutionary Considerations |
| title_sort | dopaminergic control of movement evolutionary considerations |
| topic | basal ganglia SNc VTA lamprey salience reward |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/20/11284 |
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