Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness
Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are related to acute kidney injury (AKI) and severe illness in COVID-19 patients. Methods 153 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the emergency department (ED) were included. Blood...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Nephrology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03486-1 |
| _version_ | 1797275551370575872 |
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| author | Simon B. Leininger Stephan T. Staudner Manuel J. Vogel Julian Mustroph Ute Hubauer Stefan Wallner Petra Lehn Ralph Burkhardt Christine Meindl Frank Hanses Markus Zimmermann Lars S. Maier Julian Hupf Carsten G. Jungbauer |
| author_facet | Simon B. Leininger Stephan T. Staudner Manuel J. Vogel Julian Mustroph Ute Hubauer Stefan Wallner Petra Lehn Ralph Burkhardt Christine Meindl Frank Hanses Markus Zimmermann Lars S. Maier Julian Hupf Carsten G. Jungbauer |
| author_sort | Simon B. Leininger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are related to acute kidney injury (AKI) and severe illness in COVID-19 patients. Methods 153 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the emergency department (ED) were included. Blood samples were collected from each patient at admission. Bio-ADM and IL-6, as well as DPP3 and routinely measured markers were evaluated regarding the endpoints AKI (22/128 hospitalized patients) and a composite endpoint of admission to intensive care unit and/or in-hospital death (n = 26/153 patients). Results Bio-ADM and IL-6 were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients with AKI compared to COVID-19 patients without AKI (each p < 0.001). According to ROC analyses IL-6 and bio-ADM had the largest AUC (0.84 and 0.81) regarding the detection of AKI. Furthermore, bio-ADM and IL-6 were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients reaching the composite endpoint (each p < 0.001). Regarding the composite endpoint ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.89 for IL-6 and 0.83 for bio-ADM in COVID-19 patients. In the multivariable logistic model bio-ADM and IL-6 presented as independent significant predictors regarding both endpoints AKI and the composite endpoint in COVID-19 patients (as well as creatinine regarding the composite endpoint; each p < 0.05), opposite to leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP) and dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3; each p = n.s.). Conclusion Elevated levels of bio-ADM and IL-6 are associated with AKI and critical illness in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, both biomarkers may be potential tools in risk stratification in COVID-19 patients at presentation in the ED. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c3d29b440d64cb8a3a0e05653b36d3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2369 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:15:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Nephrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c3d29b440d64cb8a3a0e05653b36d3f2024-03-05T17:57:08ZengBMCBMC Nephrology1471-23692024-02-0125111110.1186/s12882-024-03486-1Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illnessSimon B. Leininger0Stephan T. Staudner1Manuel J. Vogel2Julian Mustroph3Ute Hubauer4Stefan Wallner5Petra Lehn6Ralph Burkhardt7Christine Meindl8Frank Hanses9Markus Zimmermann10Lars S. Maier11Julian Hupf12Carsten G. Jungbauer13Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgEmergency Department, University Hospital RegensburgEmergency Department, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgEmergency Department, University Hospital RegensburgDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital RegensburgBackground The aim of this study was to investigate whether bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are related to acute kidney injury (AKI) and severe illness in COVID-19 patients. Methods 153 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the emergency department (ED) were included. Blood samples were collected from each patient at admission. Bio-ADM and IL-6, as well as DPP3 and routinely measured markers were evaluated regarding the endpoints AKI (22/128 hospitalized patients) and a composite endpoint of admission to intensive care unit and/or in-hospital death (n = 26/153 patients). Results Bio-ADM and IL-6 were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients with AKI compared to COVID-19 patients without AKI (each p < 0.001). According to ROC analyses IL-6 and bio-ADM had the largest AUC (0.84 and 0.81) regarding the detection of AKI. Furthermore, bio-ADM and IL-6 were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients reaching the composite endpoint (each p < 0.001). Regarding the composite endpoint ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.89 for IL-6 and 0.83 for bio-ADM in COVID-19 patients. In the multivariable logistic model bio-ADM and IL-6 presented as independent significant predictors regarding both endpoints AKI and the composite endpoint in COVID-19 patients (as well as creatinine regarding the composite endpoint; each p < 0.05), opposite to leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP) and dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3; each p = n.s.). Conclusion Elevated levels of bio-ADM and IL-6 are associated with AKI and critical illness in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, both biomarkers may be potential tools in risk stratification in COVID-19 patients at presentation in the ED.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03486-1COVID-19SARS-CoV-2AdrenomedullinInterleukin-6Acute Kidney Injury |
| spellingShingle | Simon B. Leininger Stephan T. Staudner Manuel J. Vogel Julian Mustroph Ute Hubauer Stefan Wallner Petra Lehn Ralph Burkhardt Christine Meindl Frank Hanses Markus Zimmermann Lars S. Maier Julian Hupf Carsten G. Jungbauer Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness BMC Nephrology COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Adrenomedullin Interleukin-6 Acute Kidney Injury |
| title | Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| title_full | Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| title_fullStr | Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| title_short | Bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin-6 in COVID-19: potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| title_sort | bioactive adrenomedullin and interleukin 6 in covid 19 potential biomarkers of acute kidney injury and critical illness |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Adrenomedullin Interleukin-6 Acute Kidney Injury |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03486-1 |
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