Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis
Background The homeodomain-leucine zipper I (HD-Zip I) transcription factor is a plant-specific protein that plays an essential role in the abiotic stress response of plants. Research on the HD-Zip I family in Salvia miltiorrhiza is still lacking. Methods and Results In this study, a total of 25 SmH...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-06-01
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| author | Yanhong Bai Ying Zhou Qiaoqi Lei Yu Wang Gaobin Pu Zhenhua Liu Xue Chen Qian Liu |
| author_facet | Yanhong Bai Ying Zhou Qiaoqi Lei Yu Wang Gaobin Pu Zhenhua Liu Xue Chen Qian Liu |
| author_sort | Yanhong Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The homeodomain-leucine zipper I (HD-Zip I) transcription factor is a plant-specific protein that plays an essential role in the abiotic stress response of plants. Research on the HD-Zip I family in Salvia miltiorrhiza is still lacking. Methods and Results In this study, a total of 25 SmHD-Zip I proteins were identified. Their characterizations, phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, gene structures, and cis-elements were analyzed comprehensively using bioinformatics methods. Expression profiling revealed that SmHD-Zip I genes exhibited distinctive tissue-specific patterns and divergent responses to ABA, PEG, and NaCl stresses. SmHD-Zip12 responded the most strongly to ABA, PEG, and NaCl, so it was used for transgenic experiments. The overexpression of SmHD-Zip12 significantly increased the content of cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA by 2.89-fold, 1.85-fold, 2.14-fold, and 8.91-fold compared to the wild type, respectively. Moreover, in the tanshinone biosynthetic pathways, the overexpression of SmHD-Zip12 up-regulated the expression levels of SmAACT, SmDXS, SmIDS, SmGGPPS, SmCPS1, SmCPS2, SmCYP76AH1, SmCYP76AH3, and SmCYP76AK1 compared with the wild type. Conclusions This study provides information the possible functions of the HD-Zip I family and lays a theoretical foundation for clarifying the functional mechanism of the SmHD-Zip12 gene in regulating the synthesis of tanshinone in S. miltiorrhiza. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:27:51Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:27:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6c3e85d21089437cac5cbc1d0dbce6ea2023-12-03T11:15:50ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-06-0111e1551010.7717/peerj.15510Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesisYanhong Bai0Ying Zhou1Qiaoqi Lei2Yu Wang3Gaobin Pu4Zhenhua Liu5Xue Chen6Qian Liu7College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, ChinaBackground The homeodomain-leucine zipper I (HD-Zip I) transcription factor is a plant-specific protein that plays an essential role in the abiotic stress response of plants. Research on the HD-Zip I family in Salvia miltiorrhiza is still lacking. Methods and Results In this study, a total of 25 SmHD-Zip I proteins were identified. Their characterizations, phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, gene structures, and cis-elements were analyzed comprehensively using bioinformatics methods. Expression profiling revealed that SmHD-Zip I genes exhibited distinctive tissue-specific patterns and divergent responses to ABA, PEG, and NaCl stresses. SmHD-Zip12 responded the most strongly to ABA, PEG, and NaCl, so it was used for transgenic experiments. The overexpression of SmHD-Zip12 significantly increased the content of cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA by 2.89-fold, 1.85-fold, 2.14-fold, and 8.91-fold compared to the wild type, respectively. Moreover, in the tanshinone biosynthetic pathways, the overexpression of SmHD-Zip12 up-regulated the expression levels of SmAACT, SmDXS, SmIDS, SmGGPPS, SmCPS1, SmCPS2, SmCYP76AH1, SmCYP76AH3, and SmCYP76AK1 compared with the wild type. Conclusions This study provides information the possible functions of the HD-Zip I family and lays a theoretical foundation for clarifying the functional mechanism of the SmHD-Zip12 gene in regulating the synthesis of tanshinone in S. miltiorrhiza.https://peerj.com/articles/15510.pdfHD-Zip I familySalvia miltiorrhizaAbiotic stressesExpression analysisSmHD-Zip12Tanshinone |
| spellingShingle | Yanhong Bai Ying Zhou Qiaoqi Lei Yu Wang Gaobin Pu Zhenhua Liu Xue Chen Qian Liu Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis PeerJ HD-Zip I family Salvia miltiorrhiza Abiotic stresses Expression analysis SmHD-Zip12 Tanshinone |
| title | Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| title_full | Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| title_short | Analysis of the HD-Zip I transcription factor family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of SmHD-Zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| title_sort | analysis of the hd zip i transcription factor family in salvia miltiorrhiza and functional research of smhd zip12 in tanshinone synthesis |
| topic | HD-Zip I family Salvia miltiorrhiza Abiotic stresses Expression analysis SmHD-Zip12 Tanshinone |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/15510.pdf |
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