| Summary: | Starting from the framework generally accepted in terms of the history of international law and
diplomacy around the minimization or mitigation of the effects of armed conflict, this paper seeks
to identify some medieval and enlightenment antecedents that appear as central to the emergence
of an ethics and philosophy of human rights, translators of an ever growing sense of their universal
nature. This is more an anthropological approach than historical that sees the slow universalization
of the idea of compassion for the Other as a process that begins with the ideal of “to civilize the
war”, but whose affirmation will entail the overcoming the initial arguments of religious nature and
the adoption of a wider idea of the Other as similar in more absolute terms. It is the statement of
this idea that will allow the emergence of an universalizing ethics of human rights.
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