The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study
The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine affords indirect protection against COVID-19, which is presumably due to priming of the innate immune system. It was hypothesized that the live attenuated Varicella Zoster (LAVZ) vaccine, recommended for the elderly population, would also protect against CO...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/74 |
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| author | Eugene Merzon Ilan Green Eli Somekh Shlomo Vinker Avivit Golan-Cohen Ariel Israel Alessandro Gorohovski Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern Michal Stein |
| author_facet | Eugene Merzon Ilan Green Eli Somekh Shlomo Vinker Avivit Golan-Cohen Ariel Israel Alessandro Gorohovski Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern Michal Stein |
| author_sort | Eugene Merzon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine affords indirect protection against COVID-19, which is presumably due to priming of the innate immune system. It was hypothesized that the live attenuated Varicella Zoster (LAVZ) vaccine, recommended for the elderly population, would also protect against COVID-19 infection. A retrospective population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the Leumit Health Services (LHS) database. LAVZ-vaccinated patients were matched with controls based on a propensity score model using 1:9 nearest-neighbor matching. Matching was based on age, gender, and the presence of some chronic disorders, which were selected according to their association with COVID-19 infection. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex, age, smoking status, comorbidities, and chronic medications associated with COVID-19 risk, were used to estimate the association between LAVZ vaccination and COVID-19 RT-PCR results. Subjects (625) vaccinated with LAVZ and RT-PCR-tested for COVID-19 were identified. After 1:9 matching of subjects who received the LAVZ vaccine, 6250 subjects were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant and independent negative association between having received the LAVZ vaccine and the likelihood of COVID-19 infection (adjusted OR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.33–0.69, <i>p</i> < 0.001)). This association was further strengthened after separate analysis based on the time of LAVZ vaccination before COVID-19 RT-PCR testing. Individuals aged ≥50 years vaccinated with LAVZ had a decreased likelihood of being tested positive for COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:22:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c59f5e591f04ac7ba5c7a98ffd0b823 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:22:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c59f5e591f04ac7ba5c7a98ffd0b8232023-11-23T15:38:59ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-01-011017410.3390/vaccines10010074The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based StudyEugene Merzon0Ilan Green1Eli Somekh2Shlomo Vinker3Avivit Golan-Cohen4Ariel Israel5Alessandro Gorohovski6Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern7Michal Stein8Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473817, IsraelLeumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473817, IsraelDepartment of Paediatrics, Mayanei Hayeshuah Medical Centre, Bnei Brak 5154475, IsraelLeumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473817, IsraelLeumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473817, IsraelLeumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473817, IsraelAzrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, IsraelAzrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, IsraelInfectious Disease and Infection Control Unit, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera 38100, IsraelThe Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine affords indirect protection against COVID-19, which is presumably due to priming of the innate immune system. It was hypothesized that the live attenuated Varicella Zoster (LAVZ) vaccine, recommended for the elderly population, would also protect against COVID-19 infection. A retrospective population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the Leumit Health Services (LHS) database. LAVZ-vaccinated patients were matched with controls based on a propensity score model using 1:9 nearest-neighbor matching. Matching was based on age, gender, and the presence of some chronic disorders, which were selected according to their association with COVID-19 infection. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex, age, smoking status, comorbidities, and chronic medications associated with COVID-19 risk, were used to estimate the association between LAVZ vaccination and COVID-19 RT-PCR results. Subjects (625) vaccinated with LAVZ and RT-PCR-tested for COVID-19 were identified. After 1:9 matching of subjects who received the LAVZ vaccine, 6250 subjects were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant and independent negative association between having received the LAVZ vaccine and the likelihood of COVID-19 infection (adjusted OR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.33–0.69, <i>p</i> < 0.001)). This association was further strengthened after separate analysis based on the time of LAVZ vaccination before COVID-19 RT-PCR testing. Individuals aged ≥50 years vaccinated with LAVZ had a decreased likelihood of being tested positive for COVID-19.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/74COVID-19 infectionlive-attenuated zoster vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Eugene Merzon Ilan Green Eli Somekh Shlomo Vinker Avivit Golan-Cohen Ariel Israel Alessandro Gorohovski Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern Michal Stein The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study Vaccines COVID-19 infection live-attenuated zoster vaccine |
| title | The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study |
| title_full | The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study |
| title_fullStr | The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study |
| title_short | The Association of Previous Vaccination with Live-Attenuated Varicella Zoster Vaccine and COVID-19 Positivity: An Israeli Population-Based Study |
| title_sort | association of previous vaccination with live attenuated varicella zoster vaccine and covid 19 positivity an israeli population based study |
| topic | COVID-19 infection live-attenuated zoster vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/74 |
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