The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky
Background and Purpose: Natural or artificial regeneration, rehabilitation, and conversion from coppice to high forest are important practices in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests in Turkey. Studies of the seeds of this species have increased in number because mast years are infrequen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Croatian Forest Research Institute
2015-06-01
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| Series: | South-East European Forestry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.seefor.eu/vol-6-no-1-ertekin-et-al-the-effects-of-exposure-elevation-and-tree-age-on-seed-characteristics-of-fagus-orientalis-lipsky.html |
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| author | Murat Ertekin Erol Kırdar Sezgin Ayan |
| author_facet | Murat Ertekin Erol Kırdar Sezgin Ayan |
| author_sort | Murat Ertekin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Purpose: Natural or artificial regeneration, rehabilitation, and conversion from coppice to high forest are important practices in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests in Turkey. Studies of the seeds of this species have increased in number because mast years are infrequent and seed germination is inhibited by dormancy. In this study we quantified the effects of tree age (40-59, 60-79 and 80-99 years), stand exposure (north, west, east and south) and elevation (600 and 800 m a.s.l.) on seed characteristics (germination, moisture content, and weight) of Oriental beech.
Material and Methods: The seeds used in this study were collected from natural beech forest at Kumluca, Bartin, in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory and the greenhouse of Bartin University.
Results: Seed germination and moisture content varied significantly by elevation, and seed germination was strongly influenced by elevation. Moisture content was 14% at 600 m and 16% at 800 m. The effects of elevation and tree age on 100 seed weights were not significant but exposure had a significant effect. The highest 100 seed weight was recorded for trees on southern exposures and the highest germination percentage of 82% was recorded for trees on northern exposures.
Conclusions: In conclusion, since oriental beech seedlings are produced by generative propagation method, seeds should be harvested in optimum distribution area of beech, from average ages and phenotypically plus tree. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:34:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c61a0fbba294148b5347ecaa2f30103 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1847-6481 1849-0891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:34:19Z |
| publishDate | 2015-06-01 |
| publisher | Croatian Forest Research Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South-East European Forestry |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c61a0fbba294148b5347ecaa2f301032022-12-21T18:57:16ZengCroatian Forest Research InstituteSouth-East European Forestry1847-64811849-08912015-06-0161152310.15177/seefor.15-03The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis LipskyMurat Ertekin0Erol Kırdar1Sezgin Ayan2Necmettin Erbakan University, Department of Crop and Animal Production, TR-42370 Seydişehir, Konya, TurkeyBartin University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Silviculture, TR-74100 Bartın, TurkeyKastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Silviculture, TR-37100 Kuzeykent, Kastamonu, TurkeyBackground and Purpose: Natural or artificial regeneration, rehabilitation, and conversion from coppice to high forest are important practices in Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forests in Turkey. Studies of the seeds of this species have increased in number because mast years are infrequent and seed germination is inhibited by dormancy. In this study we quantified the effects of tree age (40-59, 60-79 and 80-99 years), stand exposure (north, west, east and south) and elevation (600 and 800 m a.s.l.) on seed characteristics (germination, moisture content, and weight) of Oriental beech. Material and Methods: The seeds used in this study were collected from natural beech forest at Kumluca, Bartin, in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory and the greenhouse of Bartin University. Results: Seed germination and moisture content varied significantly by elevation, and seed germination was strongly influenced by elevation. Moisture content was 14% at 600 m and 16% at 800 m. The effects of elevation and tree age on 100 seed weights were not significant but exposure had a significant effect. The highest 100 seed weight was recorded for trees on southern exposures and the highest germination percentage of 82% was recorded for trees on northern exposures. Conclusions: In conclusion, since oriental beech seedlings are produced by generative propagation method, seeds should be harvested in optimum distribution area of beech, from average ages and phenotypically plus tree.http://www.seefor.eu/vol-6-no-1-ertekin-et-al-the-effects-of-exposure-elevation-and-tree-age-on-seed-characteristics-of-fagus-orientalis-lipsky.htmlOriental beechnatural foresttree ageelevationexposureseed characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Murat Ertekin Erol Kırdar Sezgin Ayan The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky South-East European Forestry Oriental beech natural forest tree age elevation exposure seed characteristics |
| title | The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky |
| title_full | The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky |
| title_short | The Effects of Exposure, Elevation and Tree Age on Seed Characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky |
| title_sort | effects of exposure elevation and tree age on seed characteristics of fagus orientalis lipsky |
| topic | Oriental beech natural forest tree age elevation exposure seed characteristics |
| url | http://www.seefor.eu/vol-6-no-1-ertekin-et-al-the-effects-of-exposure-elevation-and-tree-age-on-seed-characteristics-of-fagus-orientalis-lipsky.html |
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