Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering
In order to achieve the results that meet the specifications of a given project, like engineering surveys and deformation measurements, the knowledge of the reliability and accuracy of the surveying equipment is inevitable. Precise digital levels and reflectorless total stations are used nowadays fo...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2011-12-01
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| Series: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016812000075 |
| _version_ | 1819100545235812352 |
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| author | Ashraf A.A. Beshr Islam M. Abo Elnaga |
| author_facet | Ashraf A.A. Beshr Islam M. Abo Elnaga |
| author_sort | Ashraf A.A. Beshr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to achieve the results that meet the specifications of a given project, like engineering surveys and deformation measurements, the knowledge of the reliability and accuracy of the surveying equipment is inevitable. Precise digital levels and reflectorless total stations are used nowadays for several applications in geodetic engineering due to their highly accurate and fast measurements in an automated measuring process. A shortcoming is that they give less accurate measurements in some cases of observations. There are several sources of errors which have an effect on the accuracy of staff reading during digital leveling such as the effect of sun, and therefore have to be investigated. The quality and accuracy of measurements of electronic surveying instruments may be affected by the capacity of instrument battery which may be worked for long time in the field. This paper investigates the effect of sun on the accuracy of digital level measurements and investigates also the effect of battery capacity on the accuracy of total station and digital levels observations. The paper is performed also to find out the effect of inclined angle of reflecting surface, its colors and types on the accuracy of reflectorless total station measurements which have a great influence on monitoring the deformation of cylindrical and domical structures. The results of practical measurements, calculations and analysis of the interesting tests using least squares theory and computer programs are also presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:04:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c67da6791374c1293e2ce80c824cf4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:04:28Z |
| publishDate | 2011-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c67da6791374c1293e2ce80c824cf4f2022-12-21T18:44:07ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682011-12-0150439940510.1016/j.aej.2011.12.004Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineeringAshraf A.A. Beshr0Islam M. Abo Elnaga1Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptCivil Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kafr El-Sheikh, Kafr El-Sheikh, EgyptIn order to achieve the results that meet the specifications of a given project, like engineering surveys and deformation measurements, the knowledge of the reliability and accuracy of the surveying equipment is inevitable. Precise digital levels and reflectorless total stations are used nowadays for several applications in geodetic engineering due to their highly accurate and fast measurements in an automated measuring process. A shortcoming is that they give less accurate measurements in some cases of observations. There are several sources of errors which have an effect on the accuracy of staff reading during digital leveling such as the effect of sun, and therefore have to be investigated. The quality and accuracy of measurements of electronic surveying instruments may be affected by the capacity of instrument battery which may be worked for long time in the field. This paper investigates the effect of sun on the accuracy of digital level measurements and investigates also the effect of battery capacity on the accuracy of total station and digital levels observations. The paper is performed also to find out the effect of inclined angle of reflecting surface, its colors and types on the accuracy of reflectorless total station measurements which have a great influence on monitoring the deformation of cylindrical and domical structures. The results of practical measurements, calculations and analysis of the interesting tests using least squares theory and computer programs are also presented.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016812000075Total stationDigital levelAccuracyCapacity of batteryReflecting surface |
| spellingShingle | Ashraf A.A. Beshr Islam M. Abo Elnaga Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering Alexandria Engineering Journal Total station Digital level Accuracy Capacity of battery Reflecting surface |
| title | Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| title_full | Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| title_short | Investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| title_sort | investigating the accuracy of digital levels and reflectorless total stations for purposes of geodetic engineering |
| topic | Total station Digital level Accuracy Capacity of battery Reflecting surface |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016812000075 |
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