Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area
Settled dust samples were collected from Qingdao urban area to analyze the spatial distribution, chemical speciation and sources of metals, and to evaluate the health risk of metals from atmospheric dust. The average contents of Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the atmospheric settled dust of Qingda...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/2/73 |
| _version_ | 1811231682969206784 |
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| author | Hongxia Xu Yan Wang Ruhai Liu Mingyu Wang Yanyan Zhang |
| author_facet | Hongxia Xu Yan Wang Ruhai Liu Mingyu Wang Yanyan Zhang |
| author_sort | Hongxia Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Settled dust samples were collected from Qingdao urban area to analyze the spatial distribution, chemical speciation and sources of metals, and to evaluate the health risk of metals from atmospheric dust. The average contents of Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the atmospheric settled dust of Qingdao were 0.17, 0.75, 153.1, 456.7, 60.9, 176.0 and 708.3 mg/kg, respectively, which were higher than soil background values. The mean exchangeable metal and carbonated-associated fraction proportions of Cd, Zn and Pb were 43.6%, 26.1% and 15%, which implies that they have high mobility and bioavailability. Higher contents of heavy metals appeared in old city areas because of the historical accumulation of metals. Principal component analysis showed that combustion sources partially contributed to Pb, Zn and other trace metals. Hg, Pb and Zn mainly originated from business, human activities and municipal construction. Cd and Cu from settled dust of the old city originated from the erosion and ageing of construction materials. The non-carcinogenic risk rankings for the seven determined heavy metals were ingestion > dermal > inhalation. Cd, Cr and Ni from settled dust showed a low carcinogenic risk. The health risks of Cr, Cu and Pb were higher in old city areas and, therefore, need special attention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:48:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c6c5bc3482a4daf82b5ed88dc9e4eb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:48:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c6c5bc3482a4daf82b5ed88dc9e4eb72022-12-22T03:36:19ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332019-02-011027310.3390/atmos10020073atmos10020073Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban AreaHongxia Xu0Yan Wang1Ruhai Liu2Mingyu Wang3Yanyan Zhang4Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaKey Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaKey Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaKey Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaKey Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaSettled dust samples were collected from Qingdao urban area to analyze the spatial distribution, chemical speciation and sources of metals, and to evaluate the health risk of metals from atmospheric dust. The average contents of Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the atmospheric settled dust of Qingdao were 0.17, 0.75, 153.1, 456.7, 60.9, 176.0 and 708.3 mg/kg, respectively, which were higher than soil background values. The mean exchangeable metal and carbonated-associated fraction proportions of Cd, Zn and Pb were 43.6%, 26.1% and 15%, which implies that they have high mobility and bioavailability. Higher contents of heavy metals appeared in old city areas because of the historical accumulation of metals. Principal component analysis showed that combustion sources partially contributed to Pb, Zn and other trace metals. Hg, Pb and Zn mainly originated from business, human activities and municipal construction. Cd and Cu from settled dust of the old city originated from the erosion and ageing of construction materials. The non-carcinogenic risk rankings for the seven determined heavy metals were ingestion > dermal > inhalation. Cd, Cr and Ni from settled dust showed a low carcinogenic risk. The health risks of Cr, Cu and Pb were higher in old city areas and, therefore, need special attention.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/2/73heavy metalschemical speciationsettled dustspatial distributionsource identificationhealth risk |
| spellingShingle | Hongxia Xu Yan Wang Ruhai Liu Mingyu Wang Yanyan Zhang Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area Atmosphere heavy metals chemical speciation settled dust spatial distribution source identification health risk |
| title | Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area |
| title_full | Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area |
| title_fullStr | Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area |
| title_short | Spatial Distribution, Chemical Speciation and Health Risk of Heavy Metals from Settled Dust in Qingdao Urban Area |
| title_sort | spatial distribution chemical speciation and health risk of heavy metals from settled dust in qingdao urban area |
| topic | heavy metals chemical speciation settled dust spatial distribution source identification health risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/10/2/73 |
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