Commissure leaflet prolapse closely mimics anterior mitral leaflet perforation in 2-D image of transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract Background Precise diagnosis of mitral valve regurgitation is challenging, particularly for distinguishing between commissure leaflet prolapse and anterior leaflet perforation, based exclusively on 2-dimensional (2-D) imaging by transesophageal echocardiography. Case 1 Two mitral regurgitat...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kazuto Miyata, Sayaka Shigematsu, Naoki Miyayama
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2023-10-01
Series:JA Clinical Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40981-023-00659-z
Description
Summary:Abstract Background Precise diagnosis of mitral valve regurgitation is challenging, particularly for distinguishing between commissure leaflet prolapse and anterior leaflet perforation, based exclusively on 2-dimensional (2-D) imaging by transesophageal echocardiography. Case 1 Two mitral regurgitation jets suggesting anterior leaflet perforation, but no regurgitation orifices, were observed in the mid esophageal (ME) 4-chamber view. Multiple 2-D and 3-dimensional (3-D) images revealed prolapse of the anterior (A3) leaflet and posterior commissure, not anterior leaflet perforation. Case 2 A regurgitation jet suggesting an anterior leaflet prolapse with a regurgitation orifice was observed in ME long-axis view. Multiple 2-D and 3-D images showed only anterior commissure prolapse, but no signs of anterior leaflet perforation. Conclusions A regurgitant jet caused by commissure leaflet prolapse closely resembles anterior leaflet perforation in 2-D imaging. Careful evaluation of multiple 2-D and 3-D images, as well as of the regurgitation orifices, is crucially important for making an accurate diagnosis.
ISSN:2363-9024