Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET
[<sup>18</sup>F]sodium fluoride ([<sup>18</sup>F]NaF) is recognised to be superior to [<sup>99</sup>mTc]-methyl diphosphate ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-MDP) and <i>2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-D-glucose</i> ([<sup>18</sup...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7969 |
| _version_ | 1827644003603972096 |
|---|---|
| author | Hishar Hassan Muhamad Faiz Othman Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad Mohd Azuraidi Osman Loh Hui Yi Zarif Ashhar Jaleezah Idris Mohd Hamdi Noor Abdul Hamid Zaitulhusna M. Safee |
| author_facet | Hishar Hassan Muhamad Faiz Othman Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad Mohd Azuraidi Osman Loh Hui Yi Zarif Ashhar Jaleezah Idris Mohd Hamdi Noor Abdul Hamid Zaitulhusna M. Safee |
| author_sort | Hishar Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | [<sup>18</sup>F]sodium fluoride ([<sup>18</sup>F]NaF) is recognised to be superior to [<sup>99</sup>mTc]-methyl diphosphate ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-MDP) and <i>2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-D-glucose</i> ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) in bone imaging. However, there is concern that [<sup>18</sup>F]NaF uptake is not cancer-specific, leading to a higher number of false-positive interpretations. Therefore, in this work, [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was prepared, optimised, and tested for its in vitro uptake. NOTA-pamidronic acid was prepared by an <i>N-</i>Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester strategy and validated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS). Radiolabeling of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was optimised, and it was ensured that all quality control analysis requirements for the radiopharmaceuticals were met prior to the in vitro cell uptake studies. NOTA-pamidronic acid was successfully prepared and radiolabeled with <sup>18</sup>F. The radiolabel was prepared in a 1:1 molar ratio of aluminium chloride (AlCl<sub>3</sub>) to NOTA-pamidronic acid and heated at 100 °C for 15 min in the presence of 50% ethanol (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), which proved to be optimal. The preliminary in vitro results of the binding of the hydroxyapatite showed that [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was as sensitive as [<sup>18</sup>F]sodium fluoride ([<sup>18</sup>F]NaF). Normal human osteoblast cell lines (hFOB 1.19) and human osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2) were used for the in vitro cellular uptake studies. It was found that [<sup>18</sup>F]NaF was higher in both cell lines, but [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid showed promising cellular uptake in Saos-2. The preliminary results suggest that further preclinical studies of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid are needed before it is transferred to clinical research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:06:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c964b3777914e289d2f231908c13778 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:06:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c964b3777914e289d2f231908c137782023-11-24T09:24:13ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-11-012722796910.3390/molecules27227969Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PETHishar Hassan0Muhamad Faiz Othman1Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak2Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria3Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad4Mohd Azuraidi Osman5Loh Hui Yi6Zarif Ashhar7Jaleezah Idris8Mohd Hamdi Noor Abdul Hamid9Zaitulhusna M. Safee10Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, MalaysiaMedical Imaging Program, Department of Health and Care Professions, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, St Luke’s Campus, University of Exeter, Devon EX1 2LU, UKBorneo Research on Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, MalaysiaCentre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, MalaysiaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya 62250, MalaysiaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya 62250, MalaysiaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya 62250, MalaysiaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya 62250, Malaysia[<sup>18</sup>F]sodium fluoride ([<sup>18</sup>F]NaF) is recognised to be superior to [<sup>99</sup>mTc]-methyl diphosphate ([<sup>99m</sup>Tc]Tc-MDP) and <i>2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-D-glucose</i> ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) in bone imaging. However, there is concern that [<sup>18</sup>F]NaF uptake is not cancer-specific, leading to a higher number of false-positive interpretations. Therefore, in this work, [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was prepared, optimised, and tested for its in vitro uptake. NOTA-pamidronic acid was prepared by an <i>N-</i>Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester strategy and validated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS). Radiolabeling of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was optimised, and it was ensured that all quality control analysis requirements for the radiopharmaceuticals were met prior to the in vitro cell uptake studies. NOTA-pamidronic acid was successfully prepared and radiolabeled with <sup>18</sup>F. The radiolabel was prepared in a 1:1 molar ratio of aluminium chloride (AlCl<sub>3</sub>) to NOTA-pamidronic acid and heated at 100 °C for 15 min in the presence of 50% ethanol (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), which proved to be optimal. The preliminary in vitro results of the binding of the hydroxyapatite showed that [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid was as sensitive as [<sup>18</sup>F]sodium fluoride ([<sup>18</sup>F]NaF). Normal human osteoblast cell lines (hFOB 1.19) and human osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2) were used for the in vitro cellular uptake studies. It was found that [<sup>18</sup>F]NaF was higher in both cell lines, but [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid showed promising cellular uptake in Saos-2. The preliminary results suggest that further preclinical studies of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-pamidronic acid are needed before it is transferred to clinical research.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7969<sup>18</sup>Faluminium fluoride (Al-F)pamidronic acidradiopharmaceuticalsradiochemistrypositron emission tomography |
| spellingShingle | Hishar Hassan Muhamad Faiz Othman Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad Mohd Azuraidi Osman Loh Hui Yi Zarif Ashhar Jaleezah Idris Mohd Hamdi Noor Abdul Hamid Zaitulhusna M. Safee Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET Molecules <sup>18</sup>F aluminium fluoride (Al-F) pamidronic acid radiopharmaceuticals radiochemistry positron emission tomography |
| title | Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET |
| title_full | Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET |
| title_fullStr | Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET |
| title_short | Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-Pamidronic Acid for Bone Imaging PET |
| title_sort | preparation optimisation and in vitro evaluation of sup 18 sup f alf nota pamidronic acid for bone imaging pet |
| topic | <sup>18</sup>F aluminium fluoride (Al-F) pamidronic acid radiopharmaceuticals radiochemistry positron emission tomography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/22/7969 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hisharhassan preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT muhamadfaizothman preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT hairilrashmizalabdulrazak preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT zainulamiruddinzakaria preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT fathinulfikriahmadsaad preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT mohdazuraidiosman preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT lohhuiyi preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT zarifashhar preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT jaleezahidris preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT mohdhamdinoorabdulhamid preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet AT zaitulhusnamsafee preparationoptimisationandinvitroevaluationofsup18supfalfnotapamidronicacidforboneimagingpet |