Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults
<b>Background:</b> Scientific evidence and everyday experience show that sleep disturbances and self-regulation as a proxy of stress reactivity are linked. Particular personality traits such as neuroticism, internalizing and externalizing problems are also associated with sleep disturban...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/2143 |
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| author | Ali Zakiei Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani Habibolah Khazaie Zeinab Lorestani Mohammad Sadeghi Dariuosh Korani Zeinab Sahraei Saeid Komasi Zeno Stanga Annette B. Brühl Serge Brand |
| author_facet | Ali Zakiei Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani Habibolah Khazaie Zeinab Lorestani Mohammad Sadeghi Dariuosh Korani Zeinab Sahraei Saeid Komasi Zeno Stanga Annette B. Brühl Serge Brand |
| author_sort | Ali Zakiei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Scientific evidence and everyday experience show that sleep disturbances and self-regulation as a proxy of stress reactivity are linked. Particular personality traits such as neuroticism, internalizing and externalizing problems are also associated with sleep disturbances. Here, we combined self-regulation and personality traits and associated these variables with subjective sleep disturbances. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 846 adults (mean age: 33.7 years; 78.7% females) completed questionnaires covering sleep disturbances, self-regulation and personality traits. <b>Results:</b> Higher scores for sleep disturbances were associated with higher scores for externalization, internalization, and instability and with lower scores for stability (all trait variables) and with poorer self-regulation (state variable). The regression model showed that higher scores for externalization and internalization (traits), and lower scores for self-regulation (state) predicted higher scores for sleep disturbance. Next, self-regulation had both a direct effect on sleep disturbance, and an indirect effect via personality traits. <b>Conclusions:</b> Sleep disturbances were related to both state (i.e., self-regulation) and trait (e.g., internalization and instability) dimensions. The current data analysis leapfrogs the state–trait dichotomy discussion and reconciles the state-and-trait approach in the prediction of poor sleep, though self-regulation appeared to have both direct and indirect effects on sleep disturbances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6c9bce90e5604e73947225d72afc6879 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:12Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6c9bce90e5604e73947225d72afc68792024-04-12T13:21:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-04-01137214310.3390/jcm13072143Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy AdultsAli Zakiei0Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani1Habibolah Khazaie2Zeinab Lorestani3Mohammad Sadeghi4Dariuosh Korani5Zeinab Sahraei6Saeid Komasi7Zeno Stanga8Annette B. Brühl9Serge Brand10Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDepartment of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USASleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, IranDivision of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, University Hospital, University of Berne, 3010 Berne, SwitzerlandCenter for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, 4002 Basel, SwitzerlandSleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran<b>Background:</b> Scientific evidence and everyday experience show that sleep disturbances and self-regulation as a proxy of stress reactivity are linked. Particular personality traits such as neuroticism, internalizing and externalizing problems are also associated with sleep disturbances. Here, we combined self-regulation and personality traits and associated these variables with subjective sleep disturbances. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 846 adults (mean age: 33.7 years; 78.7% females) completed questionnaires covering sleep disturbances, self-regulation and personality traits. <b>Results:</b> Higher scores for sleep disturbances were associated with higher scores for externalization, internalization, and instability and with lower scores for stability (all trait variables) and with poorer self-regulation (state variable). The regression model showed that higher scores for externalization and internalization (traits), and lower scores for self-regulation (state) predicted higher scores for sleep disturbance. Next, self-regulation had both a direct effect on sleep disturbance, and an indirect effect via personality traits. <b>Conclusions:</b> Sleep disturbances were related to both state (i.e., self-regulation) and trait (e.g., internalization and instability) dimensions. The current data analysis leapfrogs the state–trait dichotomy discussion and reconciles the state-and-trait approach in the prediction of poor sleep, though self-regulation appeared to have both direct and indirect effects on sleep disturbances.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/2143self-regulationsleep disturbancespersonality traits |
| spellingShingle | Ali Zakiei Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani Habibolah Khazaie Zeinab Lorestani Mohammad Sadeghi Dariuosh Korani Zeinab Sahraei Saeid Komasi Zeno Stanga Annette B. Brühl Serge Brand Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults Journal of Clinical Medicine self-regulation sleep disturbances personality traits |
| title | Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults |
| title_full | Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults |
| title_fullStr | Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults |
| title_short | Associations between Sleep Disturbances, Personality Traits and Self-Regulation in a Sample of Healthy Adults |
| title_sort | associations between sleep disturbances personality traits and self regulation in a sample of healthy adults |
| topic | self-regulation sleep disturbances personality traits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/2143 |
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