| Summary: | Grain mold and stalk rot are among the fungal diseases that cause significant losses in sorghum worldwide and are caused by different <i>Fusarium</i> spp. The presence of <i>Fusarium</i> species in sorghum grains causes yield losses and mycotoxin contamination, which represents a risk to consumers. In this study, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> species complex (FGSC) had a high incidence, followed by <i>Fusarium fujikuroi</i> species complex (FFSC) and <i>F. incarnatum-equiseti</i> species complex. Within FFSC, <i>F. proliferatum</i>, <i>F. andiyazi</i>, <i>F. fujikuroi</i>, <i>F. thapsinum</i>, <i>F. verticillioides</i> and <i>F. subglutinans</i> were identified, and this was the first report of <i>F. fujikuroi</i> in sorghum. The most frequent toxins found in sorghum samples were deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). The presence of fumonisins and nivalenol (NIV) was detected at low levels. This study adds new knowledge about the occurrence of <i>Fusarium</i> species and mycotoxins in sorghum grains. Furthermore, this is the first report in Uruguay on fungicide sensitivity for <i>Fusarium</i> isolates from sorghum, which constitutes an important starting point for defining management practices to minimize fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination.
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