Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience
Satellite communications systems provide a means to connect people and devices in hard-to-reach locations. Traditional geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite systems and low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, having their own strengths and weaknesses, have been used as separate systems serving different...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/7/1269 |
| _version_ | 1797212707401760768 |
|---|---|
| author | Marko Höyhtyä Antti Anttonen Mikko Majanen Anastasia Yastrebova-Castillo Mihaly Varga Luca Lodigiani Marius Corici Hemant Zope |
| author_facet | Marko Höyhtyä Antti Anttonen Mikko Majanen Anastasia Yastrebova-Castillo Mihaly Varga Luca Lodigiani Marius Corici Hemant Zope |
| author_sort | Marko Höyhtyä |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Satellite communications systems provide a means to connect people and devices in hard-to-reach locations. Traditional geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite systems and low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, having their own strengths and weaknesses, have been used as separate systems serving different markets and customers. In this article, we analyze how satellite systems in different orbits could be integrated together and used as a multi-layer satellite system (MLSS) to improve communication services. The optimization concerns combining the strengths of different layers that include a larger coverage area as one moves up by each layer of altitude and a shorter delay as one moves down by each layer of altitude. We review the current literature and market estimates and use the information to provide a thorough assessment of the economic, regulatory, and technological enablers of the MLSS. We define the MLSS concept and the architecture and describe our testbed and the simulation tools used as a comprehensive engineering proof-of-concept. The validation results confirm that the MLSS approach can intelligently exploit the smaller jitter of GEO and shorter delay of LEO connections, and it can increase the availability and resilience of communication services. As a main conclusion, we can say that multi-layered networks and the integration of satellite and terrestrial segments seem very promising candidates for future 6G systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:46:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6caacf8bfae7475eb09dd83c9b086c86 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:46:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6caacf8bfae7475eb09dd83c9b086c862024-04-12T13:17:15ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922024-03-01137126910.3390/electronics13071269Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and ResilienceMarko Höyhtyä0Antti Anttonen1Mikko Majanen2Anastasia Yastrebova-Castillo3Mihaly Varga4Luca Lodigiani5Marius Corici6Hemant Zope7VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 90571 Oulu, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 90571 Oulu, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 90571 Oulu, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 90571 Oulu, FinlandInmarsat, London EC1Y 1AX, UKInmarsat, London EC1Y 1AX, UKFraunhofer FOKUS Institute, 10589 Berlin, GermanyFraunhofer FOKUS Institute, 10589 Berlin, GermanySatellite communications systems provide a means to connect people and devices in hard-to-reach locations. Traditional geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite systems and low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations, having their own strengths and weaknesses, have been used as separate systems serving different markets and customers. In this article, we analyze how satellite systems in different orbits could be integrated together and used as a multi-layer satellite system (MLSS) to improve communication services. The optimization concerns combining the strengths of different layers that include a larger coverage area as one moves up by each layer of altitude and a shorter delay as one moves down by each layer of altitude. We review the current literature and market estimates and use the information to provide a thorough assessment of the economic, regulatory, and technological enablers of the MLSS. We define the MLSS concept and the architecture and describe our testbed and the simulation tools used as a comprehensive engineering proof-of-concept. The validation results confirm that the MLSS approach can intelligently exploit the smaller jitter of GEO and shorter delay of LEO connections, and it can increase the availability and resilience of communication services. As a main conclusion, we can say that multi-layered networks and the integration of satellite and terrestrial segments seem very promising candidates for future 6G systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/7/1269non-terrestrial networking6G networksnetwork architecture |
| spellingShingle | Marko Höyhtyä Antti Anttonen Mikko Majanen Anastasia Yastrebova-Castillo Mihaly Varga Luca Lodigiani Marius Corici Hemant Zope Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience Electronics non-terrestrial networking 6G networks network architecture |
| title | Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience |
| title_full | Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience |
| title_short | Multi-Layered Satellite Communications Systems for Ultra-High Availability and Resilience |
| title_sort | multi layered satellite communications systems for ultra high availability and resilience |
| topic | non-terrestrial networking 6G networks network architecture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/7/1269 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT markohoyhtya multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT anttianttonen multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT mikkomajanen multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT anastasiayastrebovacastillo multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT mihalyvarga multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT lucalodigiani multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT mariuscorici multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience AT hemantzope multilayeredsatellitecommunicationssystemsforultrahighavailabilityandresilience |