Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.)
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are important nematode pests, causing huge economic losses on vegetable crops worldwide. A decline in the yield of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) which was associated with RKNs was observed on an organic vegetable farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Nematode...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Helminthologia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2023-0018 |
| _version_ | 1797674838679093248 |
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| author | Daramola F. Lewu N. Nkiko J. Lewu F. |
| author_facet | Daramola F. Lewu N. Nkiko J. Lewu F. |
| author_sort | Daramola F. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are important nematode pests, causing huge economic losses on vegetable crops worldwide. A decline in the yield of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) which was associated with RKNs was observed on an organic vegetable farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Nematodes were extracted from galled plant roots and identified using molecular tools. PCR-based Sequence Characterised Amplified Region (SCAR) primers was used to confirm the specie of the RKN associated with the infected plants. Thereafter, a pot assay was conducted to determine the response of artificially infected Swiss chard plants to varying concentrations of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticle Ag-NP (1 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, and 3 μg/mL) under controlled conditions. The results of the study showed that Swiss chard is highly susceptible to M. javanica with an egg-laying-female index of >5 in all infected plants. Significantly lower values (at P=0.05) in egg masses (EM), juveniles (J2s), and reproduction factor (RF) of nematodes were recorded on plants treated with 3 μg/mL, indicating a potential for nematode control. A negative correlation was also observed in the number of egg masses, J2s, and RF of the nematodes with increasing concentrations of the Ag-NP. This study confirms that Swiss chard is highly susceptible to M. javanica and demonstrates the potential nematicidal property of Ag-NP in controlling the nematode pest of Swiss chard. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:05:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cb2537abd764230aff431e6c6d75998 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1336-9083 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:05:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Helminthologia |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cb2537abd764230aff431e6c6d759982023-09-25T06:07:15ZengSciendoHelminthologia1336-90832023-09-0160218919510.2478/helm-2023-0018Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.)Daramola F.0Lewu N.1Nkiko J.2Lewu F.3Department of Agriculture, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private bag X8South AfricaSoil and Water Science Programme, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch7599, South AfricaDepartment of Agriculture, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private bag X8South AfricaDepartment of Agriculture, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private bag X8South AfricaRoot-knot nematodes (RKNs) are important nematode pests, causing huge economic losses on vegetable crops worldwide. A decline in the yield of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) which was associated with RKNs was observed on an organic vegetable farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Nematodes were extracted from galled plant roots and identified using molecular tools. PCR-based Sequence Characterised Amplified Region (SCAR) primers was used to confirm the specie of the RKN associated with the infected plants. Thereafter, a pot assay was conducted to determine the response of artificially infected Swiss chard plants to varying concentrations of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticle Ag-NP (1 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, and 3 μg/mL) under controlled conditions. The results of the study showed that Swiss chard is highly susceptible to M. javanica with an egg-laying-female index of >5 in all infected plants. Significantly lower values (at P=0.05) in egg masses (EM), juveniles (J2s), and reproduction factor (RF) of nematodes were recorded on plants treated with 3 μg/mL, indicating a potential for nematode control. A negative correlation was also observed in the number of egg masses, J2s, and RF of the nematodes with increasing concentrations of the Ag-NP. This study confirms that Swiss chard is highly susceptible to M. javanica and demonstrates the potential nematicidal property of Ag-NP in controlling the nematode pest of Swiss chard.https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2023-0018nanoparticlesroot-knot nematodeswiss chardvegetables |
| spellingShingle | Daramola F. Lewu N. Nkiko J. Lewu F. Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) Helminthologia nanoparticles root-knot nematode swiss chard vegetables |
| title | Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) |
| title_full | Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) |
| title_fullStr | Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) |
| title_short | Nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica associated with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) |
| title_sort | nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles ag nps on the root knot nematode meloidogyne javanica associated with swiss chard beta vulgaris l |
| topic | nanoparticles root-knot nematode swiss chard vegetables |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2023-0018 |
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