Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign
<p>The StratoClim airborne campaign took place in Nepal from 27 July to 10 August 2017 to document the physical and chemical properties of the South Asian upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) during the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). In the present paper, simulations with the Meso-<span...
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Copernicus Publications
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/3255/2021/acp-21-3255-2021.pdf |
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| author | K.-O. Lee K.-O. Lee B. Barret E. L. Flochmoën P. Tulet S. Bucci M. von Hobe C. Kloss C. Kloss B. Legras M. Leriche M. Leriche B. Sauvage F. Ravegnani A. Ulanovsky |
| author_facet | K.-O. Lee K.-O. Lee B. Barret E. L. Flochmoën P. Tulet S. Bucci M. von Hobe C. Kloss C. Kloss B. Legras M. Leriche M. Leriche B. Sauvage F. Ravegnani A. Ulanovsky |
| author_sort | K.-O. Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The StratoClim airborne campaign took place in Nepal from 27 July to 10 August 2017 to document the physical and chemical properties of the South Asian upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) during the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). In the present paper, simulations with the Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> cloud-chemistry model at a horizontal resolution of 15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> are performed over the Asian region to characterize the impact of monsoon deep convection on the composition of Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) and on the formation of the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) during the StratoClim campaign. StratoClim took place during a break phase of the monsoon with intense convective activity over South China and Sichuan. Comparisons between brightness temperatures (BTs) at 10.8 <span class="inline-formula">µ</span>m observed by satellite sensors and simulated by Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> highlight the ability of the model to correctly reproduce the life cycle of deep convective clouds. A comparison between <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> and <span class="inline-formula">O<sub>3</sub></span> concentrations from Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> and airborne observations (StratoClim and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System)) demonstrates that the model captures most of the observed variabilities. Nevertheless, for both gases, the model tends to overestimate the concentrations and misses some thin <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> plumes related to local convective events probably because the resolution is too coarse, but the convective uplift of pollution is very well captured by the model. We have therefore focused on the impact of Sichuan convection on the AMA composition. A dedicated sensitivity simulation showed that the 7 August convective event brought large amounts of <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> deep into the AMA and even across the 380 <span class="inline-formula">K</span> isentropic level located at 17.8 <span class="inline-formula">km</span>. This Sichuan contribution enhanced the <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration by <span class="inline-formula">∼15</span> % to reach more than 180 <span class="inline-formula">ppbv</span> over a large area around 15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> height. It is noteworthy that Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> captures the impact of the diluted Sichuan plume on the <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration during a StratoClim flight south of Kathmandu, highlighting its ability to reproduce the transport pathway of Sichuan pollution. According to the model, primary organic aerosol and black carbon particles originating from Sichuan are transported following the same pathway as <span class="inline-formula">CO</span>. The large particles are heavily scavenged within the precipitating part of the convective clouds but remain the most important contributor to the particle mass in the AMA. Over the whole AMA region, the 7 August convective event resulted in a 0.5 % increase in <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration over the 10–20 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> range that lasted about 2 d. The impact of pollution uplift from three regions (India, China, and Sichuan) averaged over the first 10 d of August has also<span id="page3256"/> been evaluated with sensitivity simulations. Even during this monsoon break phase, the results confirm the predominant role of India relative to China with respective contributions of 11 % and 7 % to <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration in the 10–15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> layer. Moreover, during this period a large part (35 %) of the Chinese contribution comes from the Sichuan Basin alone.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T00:53:27Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T00:53:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
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| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cb67384032d4cc59a011cf329cdfdde2022-12-21T19:59:11ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242021-03-01213255327410.5194/acp-21-3255-2021Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaignK.-O. Lee0K.-O. Lee1B. Barret2E. L. Flochmoën3P. Tulet4S. Bucci5M. von Hobe6C. Kloss7C. Kloss8B. Legras9M. Leriche10M. Leriche11B. Sauvage12F. Ravegnani13A. Ulanovsky14Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105, CNRS, Météo-France, Université de la Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, FranceLaboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, FranceLaboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105, CNRS, Météo-France, Université de la Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, FranceLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, UMR CNRS 8539, IPSL ENS-PSL/Sorbonne Université/ Ecole Polytechnique/Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech, Paris, FranceInstitute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyInstitute for Energy and Climate Research (IEK-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyLPC2E, CNRS/Université d'Orléans, Orléans, FranceLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, UMR CNRS 8539, IPSL ENS-PSL/Sorbonne Université/ Ecole Polytechnique/Ecole des Ponts Paris Tech, Paris, FranceLaboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, FranceCentre pour l'étude et la simulation du climat à l'échelle régionale, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, CanadaLaboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, FranceInstitute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the National Research Council (CNR-ISAC), Bologna, ItalyCentral Aerological Observatory (CAO), Moscow, Russia<p>The StratoClim airborne campaign took place in Nepal from 27 July to 10 August 2017 to document the physical and chemical properties of the South Asian upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) during the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). In the present paper, simulations with the Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> cloud-chemistry model at a horizontal resolution of 15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> are performed over the Asian region to characterize the impact of monsoon deep convection on the composition of Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) and on the formation of the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) during the StratoClim campaign. StratoClim took place during a break phase of the monsoon with intense convective activity over South China and Sichuan. Comparisons between brightness temperatures (BTs) at 10.8 <span class="inline-formula">µ</span>m observed by satellite sensors and simulated by Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> highlight the ability of the model to correctly reproduce the life cycle of deep convective clouds. A comparison between <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> and <span class="inline-formula">O<sub>3</sub></span> concentrations from Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> and airborne observations (StratoClim and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System)) demonstrates that the model captures most of the observed variabilities. Nevertheless, for both gases, the model tends to overestimate the concentrations and misses some thin <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> plumes related to local convective events probably because the resolution is too coarse, but the convective uplift of pollution is very well captured by the model. We have therefore focused on the impact of Sichuan convection on the AMA composition. A dedicated sensitivity simulation showed that the 7 August convective event brought large amounts of <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> deep into the AMA and even across the 380 <span class="inline-formula">K</span> isentropic level located at 17.8 <span class="inline-formula">km</span>. This Sichuan contribution enhanced the <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration by <span class="inline-formula">∼15</span> % to reach more than 180 <span class="inline-formula">ppbv</span> over a large area around 15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> height. It is noteworthy that Meso-<span class="inline-formula">NH</span> captures the impact of the diluted Sichuan plume on the <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration during a StratoClim flight south of Kathmandu, highlighting its ability to reproduce the transport pathway of Sichuan pollution. According to the model, primary organic aerosol and black carbon particles originating from Sichuan are transported following the same pathway as <span class="inline-formula">CO</span>. The large particles are heavily scavenged within the precipitating part of the convective clouds but remain the most important contributor to the particle mass in the AMA. Over the whole AMA region, the 7 August convective event resulted in a 0.5 % increase in <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration over the 10–20 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> range that lasted about 2 d. The impact of pollution uplift from three regions (India, China, and Sichuan) averaged over the first 10 d of August has also<span id="page3256"/> been evaluated with sensitivity simulations. Even during this monsoon break phase, the results confirm the predominant role of India relative to China with respective contributions of 11 % and 7 % to <span class="inline-formula">CO</span> concentration in the 10–15 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> layer. Moreover, during this period a large part (35 %) of the Chinese contribution comes from the Sichuan Basin alone.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/3255/2021/acp-21-3255-2021.pdf |
| spellingShingle | K.-O. Lee K.-O. Lee B. Barret E. L. Flochmoën P. Tulet S. Bucci M. von Hobe C. Kloss C. Kloss B. Legras M. Leriche M. Leriche B. Sauvage F. Ravegnani A. Ulanovsky Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign |
| title_full | Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign |
| title_fullStr | Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign |
| title_full_unstemmed | Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign |
| title_short | Convective uplift of pollution from the Sichuan Basin into the Asian monsoon anticyclone during the StratoClim aircraft campaign |
| title_sort | convective uplift of pollution from the sichuan basin into the asian monsoon anticyclone during the stratoclim aircraft campaign |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/3255/2021/acp-21-3255-2021.pdf |
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