Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer
Cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, which continues to grow as millions of people are diagnosed annually. Metastatic disease caused by cancer is largely responsible for the mortality rates, thus early detection of metastatic tumours can improve prognosis. However, a large numbe...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/12/1/2 |
| _version_ | 1818200274042355712 |
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| author | Umair Khalid Chris Vi Justin Henri Joanna Macdonald Peter Eu Giovanni Mandarano Sarah Shigdar |
| author_facet | Umair Khalid Chris Vi Justin Henri Joanna Macdonald Peter Eu Giovanni Mandarano Sarah Shigdar |
| author_sort | Umair Khalid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, which continues to grow as millions of people are diagnosed annually. Metastatic disease caused by cancer is largely responsible for the mortality rates, thus early detection of metastatic tumours can improve prognosis. However, a large number of patients will also present with micrometastasis tumours which are often missed, as conventional medical imaging modalities are unable to detect micrometastases due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity. Recent advances in radiochemistry and the development of nucleic acid based targeting molecules, have led to the development of novel agents for use in cancer diagnostics. Monoclonal antibodies may also be used, however, they have inherent issues, such as toxicity, cost, unspecified binding and their clinical use can be controversial. Aptamers are a class of single-stranded RNA or DNA ligands with high specificity, binding affinity and selectivity for a target, which makes them promising for molecular biomarker imaging. Aptamers are presented as being a superior choice over antibodies because of high binding affinity and pH stability, amongst other factors. A number of aptamers directed to cancer cell markers (breast, lung, colon, glioblastoma, melanoma) have been radiolabelled and characterised to date. Further work is ongoing to develop these for clinical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:35:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cba8c2b40b04794aab5e45d0dc599f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T02:35:03Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cba8c2b40b04794aab5e45d0dc599f12022-12-22T00:41:19ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472018-12-01121210.3390/ph12010002ph12010002Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of CancerUmair Khalid0Chris Vi1Justin Henri2Joanna Macdonald3Peter Eu4Giovanni Mandarano5Sarah Shigdar6School of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaSchool of Medicine Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3128, AustraliaCancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, which continues to grow as millions of people are diagnosed annually. Metastatic disease caused by cancer is largely responsible for the mortality rates, thus early detection of metastatic tumours can improve prognosis. However, a large number of patients will also present with micrometastasis tumours which are often missed, as conventional medical imaging modalities are unable to detect micrometastases due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity. Recent advances in radiochemistry and the development of nucleic acid based targeting molecules, have led to the development of novel agents for use in cancer diagnostics. Monoclonal antibodies may also be used, however, they have inherent issues, such as toxicity, cost, unspecified binding and their clinical use can be controversial. Aptamers are a class of single-stranded RNA or DNA ligands with high specificity, binding affinity and selectivity for a target, which makes them promising for molecular biomarker imaging. Aptamers are presented as being a superior choice over antibodies because of high binding affinity and pH stability, amongst other factors. A number of aptamers directed to cancer cell markers (breast, lung, colon, glioblastoma, melanoma) have been radiolabelled and characterised to date. Further work is ongoing to develop these for clinical applications.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/12/1/2aptamerscancerchelating agentsdiagnosticsEpCAMmolecular imagingradiolabeltargeted imagingtheranosticstherapeutics |
| spellingShingle | Umair Khalid Chris Vi Justin Henri Joanna Macdonald Peter Eu Giovanni Mandarano Sarah Shigdar Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer Pharmaceuticals aptamers cancer chelating agents diagnostics EpCAM molecular imaging radiolabel targeted imaging theranostics therapeutics |
| title | Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer |
| title_full | Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer |
| title_short | Radiolabelled Aptamers for Theranostic Treatment of Cancer |
| title_sort | radiolabelled aptamers for theranostic treatment of cancer |
| topic | aptamers cancer chelating agents diagnostics EpCAM molecular imaging radiolabel targeted imaging theranostics therapeutics |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/12/1/2 |
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