Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine".
3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic rate and fuel oxidation; however, the mechanisms by which it affects whole-body energy metabolism are still not completely understood. Skeletal muscle (SKM) plays a relevant role in energy metabolism and responds to th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2015.00237/full |
| _version_ | 1818850542873477120 |
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| author | Assunta eLombardi Maria eMoreno Pieter eDe Lange Susanna eIossa Rosa Anna eBusiello Fernando eGoglia |
| author_facet | Assunta eLombardi Maria eMoreno Pieter eDe Lange Susanna eIossa Rosa Anna eBusiello Fernando eGoglia |
| author_sort | Assunta eLombardi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic rate and fuel oxidation; however, the mechanisms by which it affects whole-body energy metabolism are still not completely understood. Skeletal muscle (SKM) plays a relevant role in energy metabolism and responds to thyroid state by remodeling the metabolic characteristics and cytoarchitecture of myocytes. These processes are coordinated with changes in mitochondrial content, bioenergetics, substrate oxidation rate, and oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. Recent data indicate that emerging iodothyronines have biological activity. Among these, 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) affects energy metabolism, SKM substrate utilization, and mitochondrial functionality. The effects it exerts on SKM mitochondria involve more aspects of mitochondrial bioenergetics; among these, respiratory chain activity, mitochondrial thermogenesis, and lipid-handling are stimulated rapidly. This minireview focuses on signaling and biochemical pathways activated by T3 and T2 in SKM that influence the above processes. These novel aspects of thyroid physiology could reveal new perspectives for understanding the involvement of SKM mitochondria in hypo- and hyperthyroidism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:50:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cbd69a0e71c48d9beda6445d9626aeb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T06:50:48Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cbd69a0e71c48d9beda6445d9626aeb2022-12-21T20:31:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2015-08-01610.3389/fphys.2015.00237158402Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine".Assunta eLombardi0Maria eMoreno1Pieter eDe Lange2Susanna eIossa3Rosa Anna eBusiello4Fernando eGoglia5University of Naples Federico IIUniversity of SannioSecond University of NaplesUniversity of Naples Federico IIUniversity of SannioUniversity of Sannio3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic rate and fuel oxidation; however, the mechanisms by which it affects whole-body energy metabolism are still not completely understood. Skeletal muscle (SKM) plays a relevant role in energy metabolism and responds to thyroid state by remodeling the metabolic characteristics and cytoarchitecture of myocytes. These processes are coordinated with changes in mitochondrial content, bioenergetics, substrate oxidation rate, and oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. Recent data indicate that emerging iodothyronines have biological activity. Among these, 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) affects energy metabolism, SKM substrate utilization, and mitochondrial functionality. The effects it exerts on SKM mitochondria involve more aspects of mitochondrial bioenergetics; among these, respiratory chain activity, mitochondrial thermogenesis, and lipid-handling are stimulated rapidly. This minireview focuses on signaling and biochemical pathways activated by T3 and T2 in SKM that influence the above processes. These novel aspects of thyroid physiology could reveal new perspectives for understanding the involvement of SKM mitochondria in hypo- and hyperthyroidism.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2015.00237/fullDiiodothyroninesLipid MetabolismMitochondriaThyroid HormonesUncoupling |
| spellingShingle | Assunta eLombardi Maria eMoreno Pieter eDe Lange Susanna eIossa Rosa Anna eBusiello Fernando eGoglia Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". Frontiers in Physiology Diiodothyronines Lipid Metabolism Mitochondria Thyroid Hormones Uncoupling |
| title | Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". |
| title_full | Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". |
| title_short | Regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones: focus on "old" triiodothyronine and the "emerging" 3,5-diiodothyronine". |
| title_sort | regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity by thyroid hormones focus on quot old quot triiodothyronine and the quot emerging quot 3 5 diiodothyronine quot |
| topic | Diiodothyronines Lipid Metabolism Mitochondria Thyroid Hormones Uncoupling |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2015.00237/full |
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