Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)
This study was conducted to investigate the minimum doses of the imazamox active ingredient (ai) that provide satisfactory efficacy (>90%) against fat hen (<i>Chenopodium album</i> L.) and common cocklebur (<i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L.). These two weeds are among the most...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1557 |
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| author | Ramazan Gürbüz Ömer Yentürk |
| author_facet | Ramazan Gürbüz Ömer Yentürk |
| author_sort | Ramazan Gürbüz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was conducted to investigate the minimum doses of the imazamox active ingredient (ai) that provide satisfactory efficacy (>90%) against fat hen (<i>Chenopodium album</i> L.) and common cocklebur (<i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L.). These two weeds are among the most troublesome weeds of bean fields. The minimum dose studies were carried out separately in the 2–4 and 6–8 true leaf stages of both weeds. The experiments were carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions. The experiments were repeated three times. In the first two experiments, the recommended dose of imazamox (100%) together with 75%, 50% and 25% doses were applied to the weeds during the above-mentioned leaf stages. Some pots were left untreated for control. In the third experiments, 12.50% and 6.25% of the recommended doses were also tested. Plant height and the number of leaves were recorded on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days following the herbicide application. As a result of the studies, it was determined that nearly half the recommended dose (48.18 g ai/da) provides 90% success in the control of common cocklebur (<i>X. strumarium</i>) when applied at the 2–4 true leaf stages, while a lower dose (36.11 g ai/da) is required for obtaining the same control when applied at the 6–8 true leaf stages. For the fat hen (<i>C. album</i>), only a 17.69 g ai/da application dose was found to provide 90% control at the period of 2–4 true leaves, while 21.21 g ai/da was noted to provide 90% control when applied at the 6–8 true leaf stage. The results suggest that the increase in leaf area reduces the imazamox requirement for the control of <i>X. strumarium</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:48:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6cbeaa56fba44bff8a70e98401e545c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:48:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cbeaa56fba44bff8a70e98401e545c32023-12-03T14:30:25ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-06-01127155710.3390/agronomy12071557Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)Ramazan Gürbüz0Ömer Yentürk1Department of Herbology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76000, TurkeyDepartment of Agricultural Science, Postgraduate Education Institute, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76000, TurkeyThis study was conducted to investigate the minimum doses of the imazamox active ingredient (ai) that provide satisfactory efficacy (>90%) against fat hen (<i>Chenopodium album</i> L.) and common cocklebur (<i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L.). These two weeds are among the most troublesome weeds of bean fields. The minimum dose studies were carried out separately in the 2–4 and 6–8 true leaf stages of both weeds. The experiments were carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions. The experiments were repeated three times. In the first two experiments, the recommended dose of imazamox (100%) together with 75%, 50% and 25% doses were applied to the weeds during the above-mentioned leaf stages. Some pots were left untreated for control. In the third experiments, 12.50% and 6.25% of the recommended doses were also tested. Plant height and the number of leaves were recorded on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days following the herbicide application. As a result of the studies, it was determined that nearly half the recommended dose (48.18 g ai/da) provides 90% success in the control of common cocklebur (<i>X. strumarium</i>) when applied at the 2–4 true leaf stages, while a lower dose (36.11 g ai/da) is required for obtaining the same control when applied at the 6–8 true leaf stages. For the fat hen (<i>C. album</i>), only a 17.69 g ai/da application dose was found to provide 90% control at the period of 2–4 true leaves, while 21.21 g ai/da was noted to provide 90% control when applied at the 6–8 true leaf stage. The results suggest that the increase in leaf area reduces the imazamox requirement for the control of <i>X. strumarium</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1557herbicidesED<sub>90</sub>biomass controldose–responseleaf numbersplant height |
| spellingShingle | Ramazan Gürbüz Ömer Yentürk Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) Agronomy herbicides ED<sub>90</sub> biomass control dose–response leaf numbers plant height |
| title | Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) |
| title_full | Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) |
| title_short | Determination of Minimum Doses of Imazamox for Controlling <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L. in Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) |
| title_sort | determination of minimum doses of imazamox for controlling i xanthium strumarium i l and i chenopodium album i l in bean i phaseolus vulgaris i l |
| topic | herbicides ED<sub>90</sub> biomass control dose–response leaf numbers plant height |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/7/1557 |
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