Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China
Abstract Background Sichuan province is one of the highest AIDS epidemic provinces in China, with a large number of floating population. The annual number of cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Sichuan has been the highest province in China for several successive years. There is a lack of widespread and r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07576-z |
| _version_ | 1811323575842373632 |
|---|---|
| author | Chang Zhou Shu Liang Yiping Li Yan Zhang Ling Li Li Ye Dan Yuan Ling Su |
| author_facet | Chang Zhou Shu Liang Yiping Li Yan Zhang Ling Li Li Ye Dan Yuan Ling Su |
| author_sort | Chang Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sichuan province is one of the highest AIDS epidemic provinces in China, with a large number of floating population. The annual number of cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Sichuan has been the highest province in China for several successive years. There is a lack of widespread and representative data on the distribution of HIV genotypes in Sichuan. We aim to investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China. Method Archived plasma samples (n = 1524) from HIV-1 newly-diagnosed individuals in April 2019 were selected by cross-sectional investigation from all 21 cities in Sichuan province. Phylogenetic relationship, transmission cluster, and genotypic drug resistance analyses were performed using HIV-1 polymerase (pol) gene sequences. We also analysed the association of demographic and virological factors with transmitted drug-resistance (TDR) and transmission clusters. Results Partial pol gene sequences were obtained from 1297 cases. HIV-1 epidemic strains in Sichuan province: the majority of genotypes were circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC (675, 52.04%), CRF01_AE (343, 26.45%), CRF08_BC (115, 8.87%), CRF85_BC (67, 5.17%), subtype B (33, 2.54%), the other genotypes only accounted for 4.93%, and unique recombinant forms (URFs) (23, 1.77%) were observed in the study, and the difference of age, ethnicity, education, occupation, region and transmission pathway of different genotypes were statistically significant. According to WHO HIVDR surveillance threshold, the level of TDR has reached a medium level, with 72 of 1297 (5.55%) cases carrying drug-resistance mutation sites, TDR mutation frequency to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs, 3.85%) was much higher than nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs, 0.31%) and protease inhibitors (PIs, 1.70%), and CRF08_BC was a risk factor for TDR (odds ratio, 8.32; 95% CI 4.38–15.80 for CRF07_BC, P < 0.05). The most common drug resistance HIV-1 mutation pattern for NNRTI was V106 (1.31%, 17/1297) and E138 (1.16%, 15/1297), and for PI was M46 (0.69%, 9/1297). A total of 205 (15.8%) pol sequences were involved in the genetic transmission network clusters, CRF01_AE (odds ratio, 2.369; 95% CI 1.659–3.382; P < 0.05), subtype B (odds ratio, 13.723; 95% CI 6.338–29.71; P < 0.05), drug resistance (odds ratio, 0.306; 95% CI 0.106–0.881; P < 0.05) and different levels of education (P < 0.05) were significantly associated to be in clusters. Conclusion The distribution of HIV-1 genotypes in Sichuan is more diverse and complex, and the Men who have sex with men (MSM) is underrated, arguing for behavior scaling up intervention in this specific population besides the elderly people with heterosexual transmission risk groups. The risk of TDR mutation frequency increased in newly diagnosed patients highlights the significance of genotypic drug resistance monitoring and molecular surveillance of pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance. The regimen composed of TDF, 3TC and EFV was still currently the preferred solution used free first-line therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:57:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cc9a31b44ff4f478f0a076e785e70a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:57:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cc9a31b44ff4f478f0a076e785e70a92022-12-22T02:44:08ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342022-07-0122111510.1186/s12879-022-07576-zCharacterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, ChinaChang Zhou0Shu Liang1Yiping Li2Yan Zhang3Ling Li4Li Ye5Dan Yuan6Ling Su7Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionCenter for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background Sichuan province is one of the highest AIDS epidemic provinces in China, with a large number of floating population. The annual number of cases of HIV/AIDS reported in Sichuan has been the highest province in China for several successive years. There is a lack of widespread and representative data on the distribution of HIV genotypes in Sichuan. We aim to investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China. Method Archived plasma samples (n = 1524) from HIV-1 newly-diagnosed individuals in April 2019 were selected by cross-sectional investigation from all 21 cities in Sichuan province. Phylogenetic relationship, transmission cluster, and genotypic drug resistance analyses were performed using HIV-1 polymerase (pol) gene sequences. We also analysed the association of demographic and virological factors with transmitted drug-resistance (TDR) and transmission clusters. Results Partial pol gene sequences were obtained from 1297 cases. HIV-1 epidemic strains in Sichuan province: the majority of genotypes were circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC (675, 52.04%), CRF01_AE (343, 26.45%), CRF08_BC (115, 8.87%), CRF85_BC (67, 5.17%), subtype B (33, 2.54%), the other genotypes only accounted for 4.93%, and unique recombinant forms (URFs) (23, 1.77%) were observed in the study, and the difference of age, ethnicity, education, occupation, region and transmission pathway of different genotypes were statistically significant. According to WHO HIVDR surveillance threshold, the level of TDR has reached a medium level, with 72 of 1297 (5.55%) cases carrying drug-resistance mutation sites, TDR mutation frequency to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs, 3.85%) was much higher than nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs, 0.31%) and protease inhibitors (PIs, 1.70%), and CRF08_BC was a risk factor for TDR (odds ratio, 8.32; 95% CI 4.38–15.80 for CRF07_BC, P < 0.05). The most common drug resistance HIV-1 mutation pattern for NNRTI was V106 (1.31%, 17/1297) and E138 (1.16%, 15/1297), and for PI was M46 (0.69%, 9/1297). A total of 205 (15.8%) pol sequences were involved in the genetic transmission network clusters, CRF01_AE (odds ratio, 2.369; 95% CI 1.659–3.382; P < 0.05), subtype B (odds ratio, 13.723; 95% CI 6.338–29.71; P < 0.05), drug resistance (odds ratio, 0.306; 95% CI 0.106–0.881; P < 0.05) and different levels of education (P < 0.05) were significantly associated to be in clusters. Conclusion The distribution of HIV-1 genotypes in Sichuan is more diverse and complex, and the Men who have sex with men (MSM) is underrated, arguing for behavior scaling up intervention in this specific population besides the elderly people with heterosexual transmission risk groups. The risk of TDR mutation frequency increased in newly diagnosed patients highlights the significance of genotypic drug resistance monitoring and molecular surveillance of pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance. The regimen composed of TDF, 3TC and EFV was still currently the preferred solution used free first-line therapy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07576-zHIV-1GenotypeMolecular epidemiologyTransmitted drug resistance |
| spellingShingle | Chang Zhou Shu Liang Yiping Li Yan Zhang Ling Li Li Ye Dan Yuan Ling Su Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China BMC Infectious Diseases HIV-1 Genotype Molecular epidemiology Transmitted drug resistance |
| title | Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China |
| title_full | Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China |
| title_short | Characterization of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug-resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Sichuan, China |
| title_sort | characterization of hiv 1 molecular epidemiology and transmitted drug resistance in newly diagnosed hiv infected patients in sichuan china |
| topic | HIV-1 Genotype Molecular epidemiology Transmitted drug resistance |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07576-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT changzhou characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT shuliang characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT yipingli characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT yanzhang characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT lingli characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT liye characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT danyuan characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina AT lingsu characterizationofhiv1molecularepidemiologyandtransmitteddrugresistanceinnewlydiagnosedhivinfectedpatientsinsichuanchina |