Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies
Introduction Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mental illness that frequently originates in early development and is pervasive during adolescence. Despite its high prevalence and early age of onset, our understanding of the potentially unique neural basis of MDD in this age grou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-03-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933823005126/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1827753487958540288 |
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| author | G. Zamora C. Baten A. M. Klassen J. H. Shepherd E. Pritchard S. Saravia Z. Ali J. Jordan S. K. Kahlon G. Maly M. Duran S. L. Santos A. F. Nimarko D. W. Hedges J. P. Hamilton I. H. Gotlib M. D. Sacchet C. H. Miller |
| author_facet | G. Zamora C. Baten A. M. Klassen J. H. Shepherd E. Pritchard S. Saravia Z. Ali J. Jordan S. K. Kahlon G. Maly M. Duran S. L. Santos A. F. Nimarko D. W. Hedges J. P. Hamilton I. H. Gotlib M. D. Sacchet C. H. Miller |
| author_sort | G. Zamora |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mental illness that frequently originates in early development and is pervasive during adolescence. Despite its high prevalence and early age of onset, our understanding of the potentially unique neural basis of MDD in this age group is still not well understood, and the existing primary literature on the topic includes many new and divergent results. This limited understanding of MDD in youth presents a critical need to further investigate its neural basis in youth and presents an opportunity to also improve clinical treatments that target its neural abnormalities.
Objectives
The present study aims to advance our understanding of the neural basis of MDD in youth by identifying abnormal functional activation in various brain regions compared with healthy controls.
Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of MDD by using a well-established method, multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA) with ensemble thresholding, to quantitatively combine all existing whole-brain fMRI studies of MDD in youth compared with healthy controls. This method involves a voxel-wise, whole-brain approach, that compares neural activation of patients with MDD to age-matched healthy controls across variations of task-based conditions, which we subcategorize into affective processing, executive functioning, positive valence, negative valence, and symptom provocation tasks.
Results
Youth with MDD exhibited statistically significant (p<0.05; FWE-corrected) hyperactivation and hypoactivation in multiple brain regions compared with age-matched healthy controls. These results include significant effects that are stable across various tasks as well as some that appear to depend on task conditions.
Conclusions
This study strengthens our understanding of the neural basis of MDD in youth and may also be used to help identify possible similarities and differences between youth and adults with depression. It may also help inform the development of new treatment interventions and tools for predicting unique treatment responses in youth with depression.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:36:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cca86b3fae14e0eb42767a27394c911 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:36:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cca86b3fae14e0eb42767a27394c9112023-11-17T05:09:25ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852023-03-0166S219S22010.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.512Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging StudiesG. Zamora0C. Baten1A. M. Klassen2J. H. Shepherd3E. Pritchard4S. Saravia5Z. Ali6J. Jordan7S. K. Kahlon8G. Maly9M. Duran10S. L. Santos11A. F. Nimarko12D. W. Hedges13J. P. Hamilton14I. H. Gotlib15M. D. Sacchet16C. H. Miller171Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno1Psychology, California State University, Fresno2Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford3Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, United States4Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden2Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford5Meditation Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States1Psychology, California State University, Fresno Introduction Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mental illness that frequently originates in early development and is pervasive during adolescence. Despite its high prevalence and early age of onset, our understanding of the potentially unique neural basis of MDD in this age group is still not well understood, and the existing primary literature on the topic includes many new and divergent results. This limited understanding of MDD in youth presents a critical need to further investigate its neural basis in youth and presents an opportunity to also improve clinical treatments that target its neural abnormalities. Objectives The present study aims to advance our understanding of the neural basis of MDD in youth by identifying abnormal functional activation in various brain regions compared with healthy controls. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of MDD by using a well-established method, multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA) with ensemble thresholding, to quantitatively combine all existing whole-brain fMRI studies of MDD in youth compared with healthy controls. This method involves a voxel-wise, whole-brain approach, that compares neural activation of patients with MDD to age-matched healthy controls across variations of task-based conditions, which we subcategorize into affective processing, executive functioning, positive valence, negative valence, and symptom provocation tasks. Results Youth with MDD exhibited statistically significant (p<0.05; FWE-corrected) hyperactivation and hypoactivation in multiple brain regions compared with age-matched healthy controls. These results include significant effects that are stable across various tasks as well as some that appear to depend on task conditions. Conclusions This study strengthens our understanding of the neural basis of MDD in youth and may also be used to help identify possible similarities and differences between youth and adults with depression. It may also help inform the development of new treatment interventions and tools for predicting unique treatment responses in youth with depression. Disclosure of Interest None Declaredhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933823005126/type/journal_article |
| spellingShingle | G. Zamora C. Baten A. M. Klassen J. H. Shepherd E. Pritchard S. Saravia Z. Ali J. Jordan S. K. Kahlon G. Maly M. Duran S. L. Santos A. F. Nimarko D. W. Hedges J. P. Hamilton I. H. Gotlib M. D. Sacchet C. H. Miller Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies European Psychiatry |
| title | Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies |
| title_full | Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies |
| title_fullStr | Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies |
| title_short | Major Depressive Disorder in Youth: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies |
| title_sort | major depressive disorder in youth a meta analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933823005126/type/journal_article |
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