Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters
Spot blotch is a highly destructive disease in wheat caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> (teleomorph, <i>Cochliobolus sativus</i>). It is prevalent in warm and humid areas, including Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the USA. In the present study, twelve...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| author | Sagar Yadav Zarrine Raazi Sheelavanta Matha Shivaraj Deepika Somani Ramya Prashant Abhijeet Kulkarni Rajeev Kumar Suma Biradar Shreenivas Desai Narendra Kadoo |
| author_facet | Sagar Yadav Zarrine Raazi Sheelavanta Matha Shivaraj Deepika Somani Ramya Prashant Abhijeet Kulkarni Rajeev Kumar Suma Biradar Shreenivas Desai Narendra Kadoo |
| author_sort | Sagar Yadav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spot blotch is a highly destructive disease in wheat caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> (teleomorph, <i>Cochliobolus sativus</i>). It is prevalent in warm and humid areas, including Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the USA. In the present study, twelve isolates of <i>B. sorokiniana</i> were collected from wheat fields in three different geographical locations in India. The pathogenicity of seven sporulating isolates was assessed on ‘DDK 1025’, a spot blotch-susceptible wheat variety under greenhouse conditions. The isolate ‘D2’ illustrated the highest virulence, followed by ‘SI’ and ‘BS52’. These three isolates were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq1000 platform. The estimated genome sizes of the isolates BS52, D2, and SI were 35.19 MB, 39.32 MB, and 32.76 MB, with GC contents of 48.48%, 50.43%, and 49.42%, respectively. The numbers of pathogenicity genes identified in BS52, D2, and SI isolates were 2015, 2476, and 2018, respectively. Notably, the isolate D2 exhibited a relatively larger genome with expanded arsenals of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs), CAZymes, secretome, and pathogenicity genes, which could have contributed to its higher virulence among the tested isolates. This study provides the first comparative genome analysis of the Indian isolates of <i>B. sorokiniana</i> using whole genome sequencing. |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6ccbba1bbdf64ca9944ae71a7cea0f7d2023-01-20T15:25:44ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-12-01121110.3390/pathogens12010001Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene ClustersSagar Yadav0Zarrine Raazi1Sheelavanta Matha Shivaraj2Deepika Somani3Ramya Prashant4Abhijeet Kulkarni5Rajeev Kumar6Suma Biradar7Shreenivas Desai8Narendra Kadoo9Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, IndiaDepartment of Bioinformatics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, IndiaBiochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, IndiaBiochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, IndiaBiochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, IndiaDepartment of Bioinformatics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, IndiaDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur 848125, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, IndiaBiochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, IndiaSpot blotch is a highly destructive disease in wheat caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> (teleomorph, <i>Cochliobolus sativus</i>). It is prevalent in warm and humid areas, including Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the USA. In the present study, twelve isolates of <i>B. sorokiniana</i> were collected from wheat fields in three different geographical locations in India. The pathogenicity of seven sporulating isolates was assessed on ‘DDK 1025’, a spot blotch-susceptible wheat variety under greenhouse conditions. The isolate ‘D2’ illustrated the highest virulence, followed by ‘SI’ and ‘BS52’. These three isolates were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq1000 platform. The estimated genome sizes of the isolates BS52, D2, and SI were 35.19 MB, 39.32 MB, and 32.76 MB, with GC contents of 48.48%, 50.43%, and 49.42%, respectively. The numbers of pathogenicity genes identified in BS52, D2, and SI isolates were 2015, 2476, and 2018, respectively. Notably, the isolate D2 exhibited a relatively larger genome with expanded arsenals of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs), CAZymes, secretome, and pathogenicity genes, which could have contributed to its higher virulence among the tested isolates. This study provides the first comparative genome analysis of the Indian isolates of <i>B. sorokiniana</i> using whole genome sequencing.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/1/1<i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i>CAZymecomparative genomicsspot blotchwhole genome sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Sagar Yadav Zarrine Raazi Sheelavanta Matha Shivaraj Deepika Somani Ramya Prashant Abhijeet Kulkarni Rajeev Kumar Suma Biradar Shreenivas Desai Narendra Kadoo Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters Pathogens <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> CAZyme comparative genomics spot blotch whole genome sequencing |
| title | Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters |
| title_full | Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters |
| title_fullStr | Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters |
| title_short | Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Indian Isolates of Wheat Spot Blotch Pathogen <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> Reveals Expansion of Pathogenicity Gene Clusters |
| title_sort | whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics of indian isolates of wheat spot blotch pathogen i bipolaris sorokiniana i reveals expansion of pathogenicity gene clusters |
| topic | <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> CAZyme comparative genomics spot blotch whole genome sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/1/1 |
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