Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions
Barnacles form a globally ubiquitous group of sessile crustaceans that are particularly common in the coastal intertidal. Several barnacle species are described as highly euryhaline and a few species even have the ability to colonize estuarine and brackish habitats below 5 PSU. However, the physiolo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00877/full |
| _version_ | 1828351767481417728 |
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| author | Kristina Sundell Anna-Lisa Wrange Per R. Jonsson Anders Blomberg |
| author_facet | Kristina Sundell Anna-Lisa Wrange Per R. Jonsson Anders Blomberg |
| author_sort | Kristina Sundell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Barnacles form a globally ubiquitous group of sessile crustaceans that are particularly common in the coastal intertidal. Several barnacle species are described as highly euryhaline and a few species even have the ability to colonize estuarine and brackish habitats below 5 PSU. However, the physiological and/or morphological adaptations that allow barnacles to live at low salinities are poorly understood and current knowledge is largely based on classical eco-physiological studies offering limited insight into the molecular mechanisms. This review provides an overview of available knowledge of salinity tolerance in barnacles and what is currently known about their osmoregulatory strategies. To stimulate future studies on barnacle euryhalinity, we briefly review and compare barnacles to other marine invertebrates with known mechanisms of osmoregulation with focus on crustaceans. Different mechanisms are described based on the current understanding of molecular biology and integrative physiology of osmoregulation. We focus on ion and water transport across epithelial cell layers, including transport mechanisms across cell membranes and paracellular transfer across tight junctions as well as on the use of intra- and extracellular osmolytes. Based on this current knowledge, we discuss the osmoregulatory mechanisms possibly present in barnacles. We further discuss evolutionary consequences of barnacle osmoregulation including invasion-success in new habitats and life-history evolution. Tolerance to low salinities may play a crucial role in determining future distributions of barnacles since forthcoming climate-change scenarios predict decreased salinity in shallow coastal areas. Finally, we outline future research directions to identify osmoregulatory tissues, characterize physiological and molecular mechanisms, and explore ecological and evolutionary implications of osmoregulation in barnacles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:44:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cd733f270c447f885812a2eb7613585 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:44:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cd733f270c447f885812a2eb76135852022-12-22T02:19:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2019-08-011010.3389/fphys.2019.00877459059Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research DirectionsKristina Sundell0Anna-Lisa Wrange1Per R. Jonsson2Anders Blomberg3Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Swedish Mariculture Research Center (SWEMARC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Fiskebäckskil, SwedenDepartment of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö Marine Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenBarnacles form a globally ubiquitous group of sessile crustaceans that are particularly common in the coastal intertidal. Several barnacle species are described as highly euryhaline and a few species even have the ability to colonize estuarine and brackish habitats below 5 PSU. However, the physiological and/or morphological adaptations that allow barnacles to live at low salinities are poorly understood and current knowledge is largely based on classical eco-physiological studies offering limited insight into the molecular mechanisms. This review provides an overview of available knowledge of salinity tolerance in barnacles and what is currently known about their osmoregulatory strategies. To stimulate future studies on barnacle euryhalinity, we briefly review and compare barnacles to other marine invertebrates with known mechanisms of osmoregulation with focus on crustaceans. Different mechanisms are described based on the current understanding of molecular biology and integrative physiology of osmoregulation. We focus on ion and water transport across epithelial cell layers, including transport mechanisms across cell membranes and paracellular transfer across tight junctions as well as on the use of intra- and extracellular osmolytes. Based on this current knowledge, we discuss the osmoregulatory mechanisms possibly present in barnacles. We further discuss evolutionary consequences of barnacle osmoregulation including invasion-success in new habitats and life-history evolution. Tolerance to low salinities may play a crucial role in determining future distributions of barnacles since forthcoming climate-change scenarios predict decreased salinity in shallow coastal areas. Finally, we outline future research directions to identify osmoregulatory tissues, characterize physiological and molecular mechanisms, and explore ecological and evolutionary implications of osmoregulation in barnacles.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00877/fullosmoregulationmolecular mechanismseuryhalinityNa+/K+-ATPaseaquaporinsCrustacea |
| spellingShingle | Kristina Sundell Anna-Lisa Wrange Per R. Jonsson Anders Blomberg Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions Frontiers in Physiology osmoregulation molecular mechanisms euryhalinity Na+/K+-ATPase aquaporins Crustacea |
| title | Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions |
| title_full | Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions |
| title_fullStr | Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions |
| title_short | Osmoregulation in Barnacles: An Evolutionary Perspective of Potential Mechanisms and Future Research Directions |
| title_sort | osmoregulation in barnacles an evolutionary perspective of potential mechanisms and future research directions |
| topic | osmoregulation molecular mechanisms euryhalinity Na+/K+-ATPase aquaporins Crustacea |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00877/full |
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