Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite
Rehabilitation of contaminated soils is a complex and time-consuming procedure. One of the most cost-effective and easy-to-use soil remediation approaches is the use of amendments that stabilize the potential toxic elements (PTE) in soil by reducing their mobility and bioavailability. The stabilizat...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3777 |
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| author | Oana Cadar Zamfira Dinca Marin Senila Anamaria Iulia Torok Florin Todor Erika Andrea Levei |
| author_facet | Oana Cadar Zamfira Dinca Marin Senila Anamaria Iulia Torok Florin Todor Erika Andrea Levei |
| author_sort | Oana Cadar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rehabilitation of contaminated soils is a complex and time-consuming procedure. One of the most cost-effective and easy-to-use soil remediation approaches is the use of amendments that stabilize the potential toxic elements (PTE) in soil by reducing their mobility and bioavailability. The stabilization of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni in a contaminated soil using 5% and 10% amendment with thermally treated natural zeolite was investigated using a sequential extraction procedure, contamination and environmental risk factors. The results showed that after amendment, the PTE concentration decreased in the exchangeable and reducible fractions and increased in the oxidizable and residual fractions. The highest immobilization effect, consisting in the decrease of exchangeable fractions with 69% was obtained in case of 10% zeolite amendment and 90 days of equilibration time for Pb; also, more than half of the mobile fraction was immobilized in case of Zn, Cu, and Co and about one third in case of Ni, Cr, and Cd. Generally, the immobilization effect of the 5% and 10% amendment is comparable, but a higher equilibration time enhanced the immobilization effect, especially in the case of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:34:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ce79b19e64c498aaac2e0b659c9f7a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:34:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6ce79b19e64c498aaac2e0b659c9f7a92023-11-22T04:14:34ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-07-011414377710.3390/ma14143777Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural ZeoliteOana Cadar0Zamfira Dinca1Marin Senila2Anamaria Iulia Torok3Florin Todor4Erika Andrea Levei5INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400296 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400296 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400296 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400296 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaSC MINESA ICPM SA, 15-17 Tudor Vladimirescu Street, 400225 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaINCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400296 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaRehabilitation of contaminated soils is a complex and time-consuming procedure. One of the most cost-effective and easy-to-use soil remediation approaches is the use of amendments that stabilize the potential toxic elements (PTE) in soil by reducing their mobility and bioavailability. The stabilization of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni in a contaminated soil using 5% and 10% amendment with thermally treated natural zeolite was investigated using a sequential extraction procedure, contamination and environmental risk factors. The results showed that after amendment, the PTE concentration decreased in the exchangeable and reducible fractions and increased in the oxidizable and residual fractions. The highest immobilization effect, consisting in the decrease of exchangeable fractions with 69% was obtained in case of 10% zeolite amendment and 90 days of equilibration time for Pb; also, more than half of the mobile fraction was immobilized in case of Zn, Cu, and Co and about one third in case of Ni, Cr, and Cd. Generally, the immobilization effect of the 5% and 10% amendment is comparable, but a higher equilibration time enhanced the immobilization effect, especially in the case of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3777natural zeolitethermal treatmentsoilimmobilizationtoxic elements |
| spellingShingle | Oana Cadar Zamfira Dinca Marin Senila Anamaria Iulia Torok Florin Todor Erika Andrea Levei Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite Materials natural zeolite thermal treatment soil immobilization toxic elements |
| title | Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite |
| title_full | Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite |
| title_fullStr | Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite |
| title_short | Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Treated Natural Zeolite |
| title_sort | immobilization of potentially toxic elements in contaminated soils using thermally treated natural zeolite |
| topic | natural zeolite thermal treatment soil immobilization toxic elements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3777 |
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