The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development
This study investigated the effects of herbal toothpaste on bacterial counts and enamel demineralization. Thirty-six bovine enamel samples were exposed to a microcosm biofilm using human saliva and McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) for 5 days at 37 °C and first incubated anaerobically, then aerobically–c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/3/414 |
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| author | Aline Silva Braga Mohamed Mostafa Hefny Abdelbary Rafaela Ricci Kim Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo Luiz Leonardo Saldanha Anne Lígia Dokkedal Georg Conrads Marcella Esteves-Oliveira Ana Carolina Magalhães |
| author_facet | Aline Silva Braga Mohamed Mostafa Hefny Abdelbary Rafaela Ricci Kim Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo Luiz Leonardo Saldanha Anne Lígia Dokkedal Georg Conrads Marcella Esteves-Oliveira Ana Carolina Magalhães |
| author_sort | Aline Silva Braga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the effects of herbal toothpaste on bacterial counts and enamel demineralization. Thirty-six bovine enamel samples were exposed to a microcosm biofilm using human saliva and McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) for 5 days at 37 °C and first incubated anaerobically, then aerobically–capnophilically. The following experimental toothpaste slurries (2 × 2 min/day) were applied: (1) <i>Vochysia tucanorum</i> (10 mg/g); (2) <i>Myrcia bella</i> (5 mg/g); (3) <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> (80 mg/g); (4) Myrrha and propolis toothpaste (commercial); (5) fluoride (F) and triclosan (1450 ppm F), 0.3% triclosan and sorbitol (Colgate<sup>®</sup>, positive control); (6) placebo (negative control). The pH of the medium was measured, bacteria were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enamel demineralization was quantified using transverse microradiography. The total bacterial count was reduced by toothpaste containing <i>Myrcia bella</i>, <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i>, fluoride, and triclosan (commercial) compared to the placebo. As far as assessable, <i>Myrcia bella</i>, <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i>, and Myrrha and propolis (commercial) inhibited the outgrowth of <i>S. mutans</i>, while <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. were reduced/eliminated by all toothpastes except <i>Vochysia tucanorum</i>. Mineral loss and lesion depth were significantly reduced by all toothpastes (total: 1423.6 ± 115.2 vol% × μm; 57.3 ± 9.8 μm) compared to the placebo (2420.0 ± 626.0 vol% × μm; 108.9 ± 21.17 μm). Herbal toothpastes were able to reduce enamel demineralization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:11:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cef83febf224b09a88bd7e4f40911de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:11:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cef83febf224b09a88bd7e4f40911de2023-11-24T00:12:14ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-03-0111341410.3390/antibiotics11030414The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries DevelopmentAline Silva Braga0Mohamed Mostafa Hefny Abdelbary1Rafaela Ricci Kim2Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo3Luiz Leonardo Saldanha4Anne Lígia Dokkedal5Georg Conrads6Marcella Esteves-Oliveira7Ana Carolina Magalhães8Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-191, BrazilDivision of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, GermanyDepartment of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-191, BrazilDepartment of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, BrazilDepartment of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, BrazilDepartment of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, BrazilDivision of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, GermanyDepartment of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-191, BrazilThis study investigated the effects of herbal toothpaste on bacterial counts and enamel demineralization. Thirty-six bovine enamel samples were exposed to a microcosm biofilm using human saliva and McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) for 5 days at 37 °C and first incubated anaerobically, then aerobically–capnophilically. The following experimental toothpaste slurries (2 × 2 min/day) were applied: (1) <i>Vochysia tucanorum</i> (10 mg/g); (2) <i>Myrcia bella</i> (5 mg/g); (3) <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> (80 mg/g); (4) Myrrha and propolis toothpaste (commercial); (5) fluoride (F) and triclosan (1450 ppm F), 0.3% triclosan and sorbitol (Colgate<sup>®</sup>, positive control); (6) placebo (negative control). The pH of the medium was measured, bacteria were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enamel demineralization was quantified using transverse microradiography. The total bacterial count was reduced by toothpaste containing <i>Myrcia bella</i>, <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i>, fluoride, and triclosan (commercial) compared to the placebo. As far as assessable, <i>Myrcia bella</i>, <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i>, and Myrrha and propolis (commercial) inhibited the outgrowth of <i>S. mutans</i>, while <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. were reduced/eliminated by all toothpastes except <i>Vochysia tucanorum</i>. Mineral loss and lesion depth were significantly reduced by all toothpastes (total: 1423.6 ± 115.2 vol% × μm; 57.3 ± 9.8 μm) compared to the placebo (2420.0 ± 626.0 vol% × μm; 108.9 ± 21.17 μm). Herbal toothpastes were able to reduce enamel demineralization.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/3/414antimicrobial strategiesdental cariesoral biofilmsplants |
| spellingShingle | Aline Silva Braga Mohamed Mostafa Hefny Abdelbary Rafaela Ricci Kim Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo Luiz Leonardo Saldanha Anne Lígia Dokkedal Georg Conrads Marcella Esteves-Oliveira Ana Carolina Magalhães The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development Antibiotics antimicrobial strategies dental caries oral biofilms plants |
| title | The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development |
| title_full | The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development |
| title_short | The Effect of Toothpastes Containing Natural Extracts on Bacterial Species of a Microcosm Biofilm and on Enamel Caries Development |
| title_sort | effect of toothpastes containing natural extracts on bacterial species of a microcosm biofilm and on enamel caries development |
| topic | antimicrobial strategies dental caries oral biofilms plants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/3/414 |
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