Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches
The separation of toxic pollutants such as Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and Al<sup>3+</sup> from water is a constant challenge as contamination of natural water bodies is increasing. Al<sup>3+</sup> and especially Pb<sup>2+</sup> and C...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Polysaccharides |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/2/2/27 |
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| author | Konstantin B. L. Borchert Rahma Boughanmi Berthold Reis Philipp Zimmermann Christine Steinbach Peter Graichen Anastasiya Svirepa Johannes Schwarz Regine Boldt Simona Schwarz Michael Mertig Dana Schwarz |
| author_facet | Konstantin B. L. Borchert Rahma Boughanmi Berthold Reis Philipp Zimmermann Christine Steinbach Peter Graichen Anastasiya Svirepa Johannes Schwarz Regine Boldt Simona Schwarz Michael Mertig Dana Schwarz |
| author_sort | Konstantin B. L. Borchert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The separation of toxic pollutants such as Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and Al<sup>3+</sup> from water is a constant challenge as contamination of natural water bodies is increasing. Al<sup>3+</sup> and especially Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Cd<sup>2+</sup> are ecotoxic and highly toxic for humans, even in ppb concentrations, and therefore removal below a dangerous level is demanding. Herein, the potential adsorber material starch, being ecofriendly, cheap, and abundantly available, was investigated. Thus, four different native starch samples (potato, corn, waxy corn, and wheat starch) and two oxidized starches (oxidized potato and corn starch) were comprehensively analyzed with streaming potential and charge density measurements, SEM-EDX, ATR-FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, and TGA. Subsequently, the starch samples were tested for the adsorption of Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and Al<sup>3+</sup> from the respective sulfate salt solution. The adsorption process was analyzed by ICP-OES and SEM-EDX, and the adsorption isotherms were fitted comparing Langmuir, Sips, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. Oxidized starch, for which chemical modification is one of the simplest, and also native potato starch were excellent natural adsorber materials for Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and especially Pb<sup>2+</sup> in the low concentration range, exhibiting maximum adsorption capacities of 84, 71, and 104 µmol/g for oxidized potato starch, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:04:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cf72df3c73946348ff9d598aaf1277e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4176 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:04:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polysaccharides |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cf72df3c73946348ff9d598aaf1277e2023-11-22T11:07:03ZengMDPI AGPolysaccharides2673-41762021-06-012242945310.3390/polysaccharides2020027Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized StarchesKonstantin B. L. Borchert0Rahma Boughanmi1Berthold Reis2Philipp Zimmermann3Christine Steinbach4Peter Graichen5Anastasiya Svirepa6Johannes Schwarz7Regine Boldt8Simona Schwarz9Michael Mertig10Dana Schwarz11Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyKurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess-und Sensortechnik Meinsberg e.V., Kurt-Schwabe-Str. 4, 04736 Waldheim, GermanyKurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess-und Sensortechnik Meinsberg e.V., Kurt-Schwabe-Str. 4, 04736 Waldheim, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyKurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess-und Sensortechnik Meinsberg e.V., Kurt-Schwabe-Str. 4, 04736 Waldheim, GermanyLeibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, GermanyThe separation of toxic pollutants such as Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and Al<sup>3+</sup> from water is a constant challenge as contamination of natural water bodies is increasing. Al<sup>3+</sup> and especially Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Cd<sup>2+</sup> are ecotoxic and highly toxic for humans, even in ppb concentrations, and therefore removal below a dangerous level is demanding. Herein, the potential adsorber material starch, being ecofriendly, cheap, and abundantly available, was investigated. Thus, four different native starch samples (potato, corn, waxy corn, and wheat starch) and two oxidized starches (oxidized potato and corn starch) were comprehensively analyzed with streaming potential and charge density measurements, SEM-EDX, ATR-FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, and TGA. Subsequently, the starch samples were tested for the adsorption of Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and Al<sup>3+</sup> from the respective sulfate salt solution. The adsorption process was analyzed by ICP-OES and SEM-EDX, and the adsorption isotherms were fitted comparing Langmuir, Sips, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. Oxidized starch, for which chemical modification is one of the simplest, and also native potato starch were excellent natural adsorber materials for Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, and especially Pb<sup>2+</sup> in the low concentration range, exhibiting maximum adsorption capacities of 84, 71, and 104 µmol/g for oxidized potato starch, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/2/2/27native starchoxidized starchheavy metal ion adsorptionwater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Konstantin B. L. Borchert Rahma Boughanmi Berthold Reis Philipp Zimmermann Christine Steinbach Peter Graichen Anastasiya Svirepa Johannes Schwarz Regine Boldt Simona Schwarz Michael Mertig Dana Schwarz Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches Polysaccharides native starch oxidized starch heavy metal ion adsorption water treatment |
| title | Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches |
| title_full | Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches |
| title_fullStr | Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches |
| title_short | Removal of Lead, Cadmium, and Aluminum Sulfate from Simulated and Real Water with Native and Oxidized Starches |
| title_sort | removal of lead cadmium and aluminum sulfate from simulated and real water with native and oxidized starches |
| topic | native starch oxidized starch heavy metal ion adsorption water treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/2/2/27 |
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