Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates
Precise exposure assessment of air pollutants is crucial in epidemiologic studies to ensure valid estimates of health effects. We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate the role of air quality monitoring (AQM) measurements and high-resolution modeling outcomes focusing on nitrogen dioxide (NO<...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/921 |
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| author | Young-Min Kim Inbo Oh Jihyun Kim Yoon-Hee Kang Kangmo Ahn |
| author_facet | Young-Min Kim Inbo Oh Jihyun Kim Yoon-Hee Kang Kangmo Ahn |
| author_sort | Young-Min Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Precise exposure assessment of air pollutants is crucial in epidemiologic studies to ensure valid estimates of health effects. We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate the role of air quality monitoring (AQM) measurements and high-resolution modeling outcomes focusing on nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) exposure and atopic dermatitis (AD). A total of 128 young children with AD in Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea, were recruited as a panel. We estimated the participants’ exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> for four months, from 1 April through 31 July 2014 based on (1) monitored levels from 60 AQM stations located at varying distances from residential areas (AQM station-based NO<sub>2</sub>, AQM-NO<sub>2</sub>) and (2) estimates from a community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) modeling system with a high-resolution (1 × 1 km) (CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub>). We then compared the effect of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> on AD symptoms with that of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub>. The average distance between the participants’ residences and the nearest AQM station was 2.03 ± 1.06 km, ranging from 0.28 km to 5.73 km. Based on AQM-NO<sub>2</sub>, the AD symptoms increased by 10.28% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.24, 17.79) with an increase of 10 ppb of NO<sub>2</sub>. The effect estimates of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub> were similar to those of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> when assessed in patients living within 3 km from the nearest AQM station. Even within 1 km, the CI estimate obtained from the CMAQ was much narrower than from AQM (44.18–49.54 vs. 7.02–64.75). However, the association of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> with AD symptoms of patients living beyond 3 km was not positive, whereas that of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub> maintained positive. In conclusion, exposure to ambient NO<sub>2</sub> is significantly associated with aggravation of AD symptoms in young children. In addition, our study suggests that exposure assessment of NO<sub>2</sub> using measurement data obtained from monitoring stations far from residential locations can lead to misclassification bias. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6cfe18c8cfec42ffb4385ebebb70b452 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:43:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-6cfe18c8cfec42ffb4385ebebb70b4522023-11-20T11:46:51ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-08-0111992110.3390/atmos11090921Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled EstimatesYoung-Min Kim0Inbo Oh1Jihyun Kim2Yoon-Hee Kang3Kangmo Ahn4Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, KoreaEnvironmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44610, KoreaEnvironmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, KoreaDepartment of Environmental Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, KoreaEnvironmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, KoreaPrecise exposure assessment of air pollutants is crucial in epidemiologic studies to ensure valid estimates of health effects. We conducted a longitudinal study to evaluate the role of air quality monitoring (AQM) measurements and high-resolution modeling outcomes focusing on nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) exposure and atopic dermatitis (AD). A total of 128 young children with AD in Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea, were recruited as a panel. We estimated the participants’ exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> for four months, from 1 April through 31 July 2014 based on (1) monitored levels from 60 AQM stations located at varying distances from residential areas (AQM station-based NO<sub>2</sub>, AQM-NO<sub>2</sub>) and (2) estimates from a community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) modeling system with a high-resolution (1 × 1 km) (CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub>). We then compared the effect of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> on AD symptoms with that of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub>. The average distance between the participants’ residences and the nearest AQM station was 2.03 ± 1.06 km, ranging from 0.28 km to 5.73 km. Based on AQM-NO<sub>2</sub>, the AD symptoms increased by 10.28% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.24, 17.79) with an increase of 10 ppb of NO<sub>2</sub>. The effect estimates of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub> were similar to those of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> when assessed in patients living within 3 km from the nearest AQM station. Even within 1 km, the CI estimate obtained from the CMAQ was much narrower than from AQM (44.18–49.54 vs. 7.02–64.75). However, the association of AQM-NO<sub>2</sub> with AD symptoms of patients living beyond 3 km was not positive, whereas that of CMAQ-NO<sub>2</sub> maintained positive. In conclusion, exposure to ambient NO<sub>2</sub> is significantly associated with aggravation of AD symptoms in young children. In addition, our study suggests that exposure assessment of NO<sub>2</sub> using measurement data obtained from monitoring stations far from residential locations can lead to misclassification bias.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/921atopic dermatitisnitrogen dioxideair pollutionair pollutantsrisk assessmentenvironmental exposure |
| spellingShingle | Young-Min Kim Inbo Oh Jihyun Kim Yoon-Hee Kang Kangmo Ahn Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates Atmosphere atopic dermatitis nitrogen dioxide air pollution air pollutants risk assessment environmental exposure |
| title | Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates |
| title_full | Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates |
| title_fullStr | Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates |
| title_short | Harmful Effects of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide on Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Exposure Assessment Based on Monitored Concentrations and Modeled Estimates |
| title_sort | harmful effects of ambient nitrogen dioxide on atopic dermatitis comparison of exposure assessment based on monitored concentrations and modeled estimates |
| topic | atopic dermatitis nitrogen dioxide air pollution air pollutants risk assessment environmental exposure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/9/921 |
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