Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia
Surra (Trypanosoma evansi infection) is one of the main causes of dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) abortion, besides generating severe economic losses in herds. A sero-epidemiological survey was carried out between December 2018 and December 2019 in Southern Tunisia to estimate the seroprevalence of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Parasite Epidemiology and Control |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673121000325 |
| _version_ | 1798035583979749376 |
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| author | Kalthoum Sana Lachtar Monia Ben Salem Ameni Hajlaoui Haikel Ben Slimane Imed Chendoul Walid Hechmi Bouabdella Bel Haj Mohamed Bassem Dabbek Hafedh Bennaceur Samed Ourabi Makram Ben Houcine Atef Bouajila Mohsen Khelifi Taib Jamii Ammar Seghaier Chedia Jemli Mohamed Habib |
| author_facet | Kalthoum Sana Lachtar Monia Ben Salem Ameni Hajlaoui Haikel Ben Slimane Imed Chendoul Walid Hechmi Bouabdella Bel Haj Mohamed Bassem Dabbek Hafedh Bennaceur Samed Ourabi Makram Ben Houcine Atef Bouajila Mohsen Khelifi Taib Jamii Ammar Seghaier Chedia Jemli Mohamed Habib |
| author_sort | Kalthoum Sana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surra (Trypanosoma evansi infection) is one of the main causes of dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) abortion, besides generating severe economic losses in herds. A sero-epidemiological survey was carried out between December 2018 and December 2019 in Southern Tunisia to estimate the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels and to determine its possible associated risk factors. Two-stage sampling was conducted to select breeders and camels targeted in our study. A total of 1205 blood samples were collected from 277 randomly selected farms belonging to six governorates of southern Tunisia. Sera were tested with the card agglutination test for Trypanosoma evansi (CATT/T. evansi) to detect the presence of anti-Trypanosoma. evansi antibodies. The overall individual and herd seroprevalence were 30.8% (95%CI 27.9–33.1%), 64.9% (95%CI 61.7–73), respectively. The seroprevalence of T. evansi infection both at the animal (26.2% (95%CI 21.4–30.9%) and herd level (84.4 (95%CI 76.3–92.5)) was higher in Kebili than in other governorates (P = 0.003). At the animal level, the infection rate with T. evansi was significantly associated to the age group among camels (P = 0.0008), production system (P = 0.006), bioclimatic stage (P = 0.02), and herd size (P = 0.04) in the univariable analysis. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that only age group and herd size were potential risk factors associated with Trypanosoma evansi infection. However, no significant variation of the seroprevalence of T. evansi with the sex of camels, farm type, and previous trypanocidal treatment were detected (P > 0.05). The findings of this study are crucial for this disease surveillance and control. Further investigations on the efficacy of the treatment against surra are needed to explain the persistence of the disease in the south of Tunisia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:00:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d0bc68d0f2d4783bcf2543c2d0f0636 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-6731 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:00:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasite Epidemiology and Control |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d0bc68d0f2d4783bcf2543c2d0f06362022-12-22T04:03:32ZengElsevierParasite Epidemiology and Control2405-67312022-02-0116e00231Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern TunisiaKalthoum Sana0Lachtar Monia1Ben Salem Ameni2Hajlaoui Haikel3Ben Slimane Imed4Chendoul Walid5Hechmi Bouabdella6Bel Haj Mohamed Bassem7Dabbek Hafedh8Bennaceur Samed9Ourabi Makram10Ben Houcine Atef11Bouajila Mohsen12Khelifi Taib13Jamii Ammar14Seghaier Chedia15Jemli Mohamed Habib16National Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, Tunisia; Corresponding author.National Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaNational Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaNational Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaNational Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Médenine, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Gabes, TunisiaNational Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Kebili, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Kebili, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Tozeur, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Tozeur, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Tataouine, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Gafsa, TunisiaCommissariat régional au développement agricole de Médenine, TunisiaNational Center of Zoosanitary Vigilance, Ministère de l'agriculture et des ressources hydrauliques, TunisiaService de Parasitologie, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Université de la Manouba, TunisiaSurra (Trypanosoma evansi infection) is one of the main causes of dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) abortion, besides generating severe economic losses in herds. A sero-epidemiological survey was carried out between December 2018 and December 2019 in Southern Tunisia to estimate the seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels and to determine its possible associated risk factors. Two-stage sampling was conducted to select breeders and camels targeted in our study. A total of 1205 blood samples were collected from 277 randomly selected farms belonging to six governorates of southern Tunisia. Sera were tested with the card agglutination test for Trypanosoma evansi (CATT/T. evansi) to detect the presence of anti-Trypanosoma. evansi antibodies. The overall individual and herd seroprevalence were 30.8% (95%CI 27.9–33.1%), 64.9% (95%CI 61.7–73), respectively. The seroprevalence of T. evansi infection both at the animal (26.2% (95%CI 21.4–30.9%) and herd level (84.4 (95%CI 76.3–92.5)) was higher in Kebili than in other governorates (P = 0.003). At the animal level, the infection rate with T. evansi was significantly associated to the age group among camels (P = 0.0008), production system (P = 0.006), bioclimatic stage (P = 0.02), and herd size (P = 0.04) in the univariable analysis. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that only age group and herd size were potential risk factors associated with Trypanosoma evansi infection. However, no significant variation of the seroprevalence of T. evansi with the sex of camels, farm type, and previous trypanocidal treatment were detected (P > 0.05). The findings of this study are crucial for this disease surveillance and control. Further investigations on the efficacy of the treatment against surra are needed to explain the persistence of the disease in the south of Tunisia.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673121000325TunisiaCamelus dromedariusSeroprevalenceCATTRisk factorsTrypanosoma evansi |
| spellingShingle | Kalthoum Sana Lachtar Monia Ben Salem Ameni Hajlaoui Haikel Ben Slimane Imed Chendoul Walid Hechmi Bouabdella Bel Haj Mohamed Bassem Dabbek Hafedh Bennaceur Samed Ourabi Makram Ben Houcine Atef Bouajila Mohsen Khelifi Taib Jamii Ammar Seghaier Chedia Jemli Mohamed Habib Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia Parasite Epidemiology and Control Tunisia Camelus dromedarius Seroprevalence CATT Risk factors Trypanosoma evansi |
| title | Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia |
| title_full | Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia |
| title_fullStr | Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia |
| title_short | Serological survey and associated risk factors' analysis of Trypanosomiasis in camels from Southern Tunisia |
| title_sort | serological survey and associated risk factors analysis of trypanosomiasis in camels from southern tunisia |
| topic | Tunisia Camelus dromedarius Seroprevalence CATT Risk factors Trypanosoma evansi |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405673121000325 |
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