| Summary: | 为了发展菜籽油高效环保的精炼技术，先利用硅藻土、活性白土、氢氧化钠溶液制备预制脱酸剂，再与脱色剂混合制成固体吸附剂对热榨菜籽油进行同时吸附脱酸脱色，采用单因素实验和响应面设计优化同时吸附脱酸脱色工艺条件，并分析脱酸脱色菜籽油的质量指标。结果表明：同时吸附脱酸脱色的最优条件为以活性白土为脱色剂，固体吸附剂配比（预制脱酸剂与活性白土质量比）1∶ 1，处理时间15 min，处理温度90 ℃，固体吸附剂用量5％；在最优条件下，脱酸率为96.98%，脱色率为84.04%；脱酸脱色菜籽油色泽、水分及挥发物含量、酸值和过氧化值都小于一级菜籽油国家标准（GB 1536—2004）限定值。综上，固体吸附剂可以用于热榨菜籽油的同时吸附脱酸脱色。
In order to develop efficient and environmentally friendly refining technology of rapeseed oil, the prefabricated deacidifier was first prepared using diatomite，activated clay and sodium hydroxide solution，then mixed with decolorizer to prepare solid adsorbent for simultaneous deacidification and decolorization of hot-pressed rapeseed oil.The simultaneous deacidification and decolorization conditions were optimized through single factor experiment and response surface design. At the same time, the quality indexes of the deacidified and decolorized rapeseed oil were investigated. The results showed that the optimal simultaneous deacidification and decolorization conditions were as follows: with activated clay as decolorizer,mass ratio of prefabricated deacidifier to activated clay 1∶ 1,treatment time 15 min, treatment temperature 90 ℃, solid adsorbent addition 5%. Under these conditions,The deacidification rate was 96.98% and the decolorization rate was 84.04%. Meanwhile, the color, moisture and volatile content, acid value and peroxide value of the deacidified and decolorized rapeseed oil were less than the national standard limit value for first grade rapeseed oil(GB 1536-2004). In conclusion, the solid adsorbent can be used for the simultaneous deacidification and decolorization of hot-pressed rapeseed oil.
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