Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review
IntroductionLong used in traditional medicine, Nigella sativa (NS; Ranunculaceae) has shown significant efficacy as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) management by improving glucose tolerance, decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis, normalizing blood sugar and lipid imbalance, and stimulati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272/full |
| _version_ | 1797673991699169280 |
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| author | Arslan Shaukat Arsalan Zaidi Arsalan Zaidi Haseeb Anwar Nadeem Kizilbash |
| author_facet | Arslan Shaukat Arsalan Zaidi Arsalan Zaidi Haseeb Anwar Nadeem Kizilbash |
| author_sort | Arslan Shaukat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionLong used in traditional medicine, Nigella sativa (NS; Ranunculaceae) has shown significant efficacy as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) management by improving glucose tolerance, decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis, normalizing blood sugar and lipid imbalance, and stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic cells. In this review, the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of NS as a herbal diabetes medication are examined in depth, demonstrating how it counteracts oxidative stress and the onset and progression of DM.MethodsThis literature review drew on databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed and various gray literature sources using search terms like the etiology of diabetes, conventional versus herbal therapy, subclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, physiology, behavior, and clinical outcomes.ResultsThe efficiency and safety of NS in diabetes, notably its thymoquinone (TQ) rich volatile oil, have drawn great attention from researchers in recent years; the specific therapeutic dose has eluded determination so far. TQ has anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties but has not proved druggable. DM’s intimate link with oxidative stress, makes NS therapy relevant since it is a potent antioxidant that energizes the cell’s endogenous arsenal of antioxidant enzymes. NS attenuates insulin resistance, enhances insulin signaling, suppresses cyclooxygenase-2, upregulates insulin-like growth factor-1, and prevents endothelial dysfunction in DM.ConclusionThe interaction of NS with mainstream drugs, gut microbiota, and probiotics opens new possibilities for innovative therapies. Despite its strong potential to treat DM, NS and TQ must be examined in more inclusive clinical studies targeting underrepresented patient populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:53:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d14404e3d024f29869869d6de77af90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:53:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d14404e3d024f29869869d6de77af902023-09-26T06:04:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-09-011010.3389/fnut.2023.11262721126272Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a reviewArslan Shaukat0Arsalan Zaidi1Arsalan Zaidi2Haseeb Anwar3Nadeem Kizilbash4Department of Physiology, Government College University - GCU, Faisalabad, Punjab, PakistanNational Probiotic Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College - NIBGE-C, Faisalabad, Punjab, PakistanPakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences - PIEAS, Nilore, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Physiology, Government College University - GCU, Faisalabad, Punjab, PakistanDepartment Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi ArabiaIntroductionLong used in traditional medicine, Nigella sativa (NS; Ranunculaceae) has shown significant efficacy as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) management by improving glucose tolerance, decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis, normalizing blood sugar and lipid imbalance, and stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic cells. In this review, the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of NS as a herbal diabetes medication are examined in depth, demonstrating how it counteracts oxidative stress and the onset and progression of DM.MethodsThis literature review drew on databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed and various gray literature sources using search terms like the etiology of diabetes, conventional versus herbal therapy, subclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, physiology, behavior, and clinical outcomes.ResultsThe efficiency and safety of NS in diabetes, notably its thymoquinone (TQ) rich volatile oil, have drawn great attention from researchers in recent years; the specific therapeutic dose has eluded determination so far. TQ has anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties but has not proved druggable. DM’s intimate link with oxidative stress, makes NS therapy relevant since it is a potent antioxidant that energizes the cell’s endogenous arsenal of antioxidant enzymes. NS attenuates insulin resistance, enhances insulin signaling, suppresses cyclooxygenase-2, upregulates insulin-like growth factor-1, and prevents endothelial dysfunction in DM.ConclusionThe interaction of NS with mainstream drugs, gut microbiota, and probiotics opens new possibilities for innovative therapies. Despite its strong potential to treat DM, NS and TQ must be examined in more inclusive clinical studies targeting underrepresented patient populations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272/fulldiabetes mellitusNigella sativaantioxidantthymoquinoneanti-glycemicgut microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Arslan Shaukat Arsalan Zaidi Arsalan Zaidi Haseeb Anwar Nadeem Kizilbash Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review Frontiers in Nutrition diabetes mellitus Nigella sativa antioxidant thymoquinone anti-glycemic gut microbiota |
| title | Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review |
| title_full | Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review |
| title_fullStr | Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review |
| title_short | Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review |
| title_sort | mechanism of the antidiabetic action of nigella sativa and thymoquinone a review |
| topic | diabetes mellitus Nigella sativa antioxidant thymoquinone anti-glycemic gut microbiota |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272/full |
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