Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin
Cardiac pain is an index of cardiac ischemia that helps the detection of cardiac hypoxia and adjustment of activity in the sufferer. Drivers and thresholds of cardiac pain markedly differ in different subjects and can oscillate in the same individual, showing a distinct circadian rhythmicity and cli...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/23/3/10.31083/j.jin2303049 |
| _version_ | 1797238617343524864 |
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| author | Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska |
| author_facet | Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska |
| author_sort | Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiac pain is an index of cardiac ischemia that helps the detection of cardiac hypoxia and adjustment of activity in the sufferer. Drivers and thresholds of cardiac pain markedly differ in different subjects and can oscillate in the same individual, showing a distinct circadian rhythmicity and clinical picture. In patients with syndrome X or silent ischemia, cardiac pain intensity may cause neurogenic stress that potentiates the cardiac work and intensifies the cardiac hypoxia and discomfort of the patient. The reasons for individual differences in cardiac pain sensation are not fully understood. Thus far, most attention has been focused on inappropriate regulation of the heart by the autonomic nervous system, autacoids, and cardiovascular hormones. Herein, we summarize evidence showing that the autonomic nervous system regulates cardiac pain sensation in cooperation with vasopressin (AVP). AVP is an essential analgesic compound and it exerts its antinociceptive function through actions in the brain (the periaqueductal gray, caudate nucleus, nucleus raphe magnus), spinal cord, and heart and coronary vessels. Vasopressin acts directly by means of V1 and V2 receptors as well as through multiple interactions with the autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular hormones, in particular, angiotensin II and endothelin. The pain regulatory effects of the autonomic nervous system and vasopressin are significantly impaired in cardiovascular diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:38:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d18dece79d745a99157e76125608c10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0219-6352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:38:29Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Integrative Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d18dece79d745a99157e76125608c102024-03-28T02:03:25ZengIMR PressJournal of Integrative Neuroscience0219-63522024-03-012334910.31083/j.jin2303049S0219-6352(23)00672-1Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and VasopressinEwa Szczepanska-Sadowska0Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandCardiac pain is an index of cardiac ischemia that helps the detection of cardiac hypoxia and adjustment of activity in the sufferer. Drivers and thresholds of cardiac pain markedly differ in different subjects and can oscillate in the same individual, showing a distinct circadian rhythmicity and clinical picture. In patients with syndrome X or silent ischemia, cardiac pain intensity may cause neurogenic stress that potentiates the cardiac work and intensifies the cardiac hypoxia and discomfort of the patient. The reasons for individual differences in cardiac pain sensation are not fully understood. Thus far, most attention has been focused on inappropriate regulation of the heart by the autonomic nervous system, autacoids, and cardiovascular hormones. Herein, we summarize evidence showing that the autonomic nervous system regulates cardiac pain sensation in cooperation with vasopressin (AVP). AVP is an essential analgesic compound and it exerts its antinociceptive function through actions in the brain (the periaqueductal gray, caudate nucleus, nucleus raphe magnus), spinal cord, and heart and coronary vessels. Vasopressin acts directly by means of V1 and V2 receptors as well as through multiple interactions with the autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular hormones, in particular, angiotensin II and endothelin. The pain regulatory effects of the autonomic nervous system and vasopressin are significantly impaired in cardiovascular diseases.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/23/3/10.31083/j.jin2303049paincardiac hypoxiabrainspinal cordmyocardial infarctionautacoidsangiotensinendothelinvaptans |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Szczepanska-Sadowska Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin Journal of Integrative Neuroscience pain cardiac hypoxia brain spinal cord myocardial infarction autacoids angiotensin endothelin vaptans |
| title | Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin |
| title_full | Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin |
| title_fullStr | Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin |
| title_short | Neuromodulation of Cardiac Ischemic Pain: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System and Vasopressin |
| title_sort | neuromodulation of cardiac ischemic pain role of the autonomic nervous system and vasopressin |
| topic | pain cardiac hypoxia brain spinal cord myocardial infarction autacoids angiotensin endothelin vaptans |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/23/3/10.31083/j.jin2303049 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ewaszczepanskasadowska neuromodulationofcardiacischemicpainroleoftheautonomicnervoussystemandvasopressin |