Understanding heterogeneity among individuals who smoke cigarettes and vape: assessment of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm among subpopulations from the PATH Wave 1 Data

Understanding heterogeneity among individuals who smoke cigarettes and vape: assessment of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm among subpopulations from the PATH Wave 1 Data

Abstract Introduction People who both smoke cigarettes and vape are often considered as a homogenous group even though multiple subgroups may exist. We examined biomarkers of exposure (BOE) and biomarkers of potential harm (BOPH) to differentiate between subgroups of people who smoke and vape based...

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Xehetasun bibliografikoak
Egile Nagusiak: Pavel N. Lizhnyak, Brendan Noggle, Lai Wei, Jeffery Edmiston, Elizabeth Becker, Ryan A. Black, Mohamadi Sarkar
Formatua: Artikulua
Hizkuntza:English
Argitaratua: BMC 2022-08-01
Saila:Harm Reduction Journal
Gaiak:
People who smoke and vape
Cigarettes
E-vapor/E-cigarettes
Biomarkers of exposure
Biomarkers of potential harm
Sarrera elektronikoa:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-022-00673-x

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