Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks
Black-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) was listed as a first-class state-protected animal because it was endangered in China (Category I). This study is the first to examine the diversity and composition of <i>T. parvirostris</i> gut microbiome in the wild. We...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/923 |
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| author | Xiaodong Gao Xibao Wang Xiaoyang Wu Yongquan Shang Xuesong Mei Shengyang Zhou Qinguo Wei Guolei Sun Yuehuan Dong Weijia Cui Honghai Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiaodong Gao Xibao Wang Xiaoyang Wu Yongquan Shang Xuesong Mei Shengyang Zhou Qinguo Wei Guolei Sun Yuehuan Dong Weijia Cui Honghai Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiaodong Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Black-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) was listed as a first-class state-protected animal because it was endangered in China (Category I). This study is the first to examine the diversity and composition of <i>T. parvirostris</i> gut microbiome in the wild. We collected fecal samples from five black-billed capercaillie flock roosting sites (each 20 km apart) in one day. Thirty fecal samples were sequenced with 16S rRNA gene amplicons on the Illumina HiSeq platform. This study is the first to analyze the fecal microbiome composition and diversity of black-billed capercaillie in the wild. At the phylum level, Camplyobacterota, Bacillota, Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota were the most abundant in the fecal microbiome of black-billed capercaillie. At the genus level, <i>unidentified Chloroplast</i>, <i>Escherichia−Shigella</i>, <i>Faecalitalea</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Halomonas</i> were the dominant genera. Based on alpha and beta diversity analyses, we found no significant differences in the fecal microbiome between five flocks of black-billed capercaillie. Protein families: genetic information processing; protein families: signaling and cellular processes, carbohydrate metabolism; protein families: metabolism and energy metabolism are the main predicted functions of the black-billed capercaillie gut microbiome through the PICRUSt2 method. This study reveals the composition and structure of the fecal microbiome of the black-billed capercaillie under wild survival conditions, and this study provides scientific data for the comprehensive conservation of the black-billed capercaillie. |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:31:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d3eada9439a45479bc291292b64aef62023-11-17T07:14:09ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-03-0113592310.3390/ani13050923Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) FlocksXiaodong Gao0Xibao Wang1Xiaoyang Wu2Yongquan Shang3Xuesong Mei4Shengyang Zhou5Qinguo Wei6Guolei Sun7Yuehuan Dong8Weijia Cui9Honghai Zhang10College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, ChinaBlack-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) was listed as a first-class state-protected animal because it was endangered in China (Category I). This study is the first to examine the diversity and composition of <i>T. parvirostris</i> gut microbiome in the wild. We collected fecal samples from five black-billed capercaillie flock roosting sites (each 20 km apart) in one day. Thirty fecal samples were sequenced with 16S rRNA gene amplicons on the Illumina HiSeq platform. This study is the first to analyze the fecal microbiome composition and diversity of black-billed capercaillie in the wild. At the phylum level, Camplyobacterota, Bacillota, Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota were the most abundant in the fecal microbiome of black-billed capercaillie. At the genus level, <i>unidentified Chloroplast</i>, <i>Escherichia−Shigella</i>, <i>Faecalitalea</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Halomonas</i> were the dominant genera. Based on alpha and beta diversity analyses, we found no significant differences in the fecal microbiome between five flocks of black-billed capercaillie. Protein families: genetic information processing; protein families: signaling and cellular processes, carbohydrate metabolism; protein families: metabolism and energy metabolism are the main predicted functions of the black-billed capercaillie gut microbiome through the PICRUSt2 method. This study reveals the composition and structure of the fecal microbiome of the black-billed capercaillie under wild survival conditions, and this study provides scientific data for the comprehensive conservation of the black-billed capercaillie.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/923black-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>)fecal microbiomefunction predictionhigh-throughput sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Xiaodong Gao Xibao Wang Xiaoyang Wu Yongquan Shang Xuesong Mei Shengyang Zhou Qinguo Wei Guolei Sun Yuehuan Dong Weijia Cui Honghai Zhang Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks Animals black-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) fecal microbiome function prediction high-throughput sequencing |
| title | Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks |
| title_full | Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks |
| title_short | Comparative Analyses of the Fecal Microbiome of Five Wild Black-Billed Capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) Flocks |
| title_sort | comparative analyses of the fecal microbiome of five wild black billed capercaillie i tetrao parvirostris i flocks |
| topic | black-billed capercaillie (<i>Tetrao parvirostris</i>) fecal microbiome function prediction high-throughput sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/5/923 |
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