Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
Abstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86990-w |
| _version_ | 1818754081523499008 |
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| author | Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid |
| author_facet | Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid |
| author_sort | Doaa Ibrahim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:17:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:17:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af2022-12-21T21:19:44ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-04-0111112010.1038/s41598-021-86990-wThymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella TyphimuriumDoaa Ibrahim0Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan1M. Badawi2Tamer Ahmed Ismail3Mahmoud M. Bendary4Adel M. Abdelaziz5Rasha A. Mosbah6Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed7Ahmed H. Arisha8Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid9Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif UniversityDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said UniversityFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Educational Hospital, Zagazig UniversityZagazig University HospitalDepartment of Biochemistry, Zagazig Branch, Agriculture Research Center, Animal Health Research InstituteDepartment of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC)Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityAbstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86990-w |
| spellingShingle | Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium Scientific Reports |
| title | Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium |
| title_full | Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium |
| title_fullStr | Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium |
| title_short | Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium |
| title_sort | thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken s growth gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against salmonella typhimurium |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86990-w |
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