Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine
Context: Despite being a causative agent of gout, uric acid is used as an anti-gout medicine in homeopathy without reported scientific evidence, and such highly diluted medicines lack the exact amount of active ingredient per dose, which is mandatory for pharmacological evaluation. Aims: To deter...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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GarVal Editorial Ltda.
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jppres.com/jppres/pdf/vol8/jppres20.861_8.6.501.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819049828586356736 |
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| author | Ayisha Shaukat Khalid Hussain Nadeem Irfan Bukhari Naureen Shehzadi |
| author_facet | Ayisha Shaukat Khalid Hussain Nadeem Irfan Bukhari Naureen Shehzadi |
| author_sort | Ayisha Shaukat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Context: Despite being a causative agent of gout, uric acid is used as an anti-gout medicine in homeopathy without reported scientific evidence, and such highly diluted medicines lack the exact amount of active ingredient per dose, which is mandatory for pharmacological evaluation.
Aims: To determine active contents per tablet and evaluate anti-gout and anti-inflammatory activities of Acid Uric 3× Tablet, a homeopathic anti-gout medicine.
Methods: A simple RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of uric acid in Acid Uric 3× Tablet. The standardized tablet was then investigated for anti-gout activity using xanthine oxidase inhibition and potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in rats models. The tablet was also investigated for anti-inflammatory activity employing both in vitro and in vivo models.
Results: The developed HPLC method was found to be simple, sensitive and precise. Acid Uric 3× Tablet was found to contain 250 µg uric acid/tablet. This medicine inhibited xanthine oxidase activity (IC50 = 12.42 μg/mL) and lowered the serum uric acid in tablet-treated rats (1.02 mg/dL) as compared to toxic group (4.87 mg/dL). The tablet also showed anti-inflammatory activity in heat-induced protein denaturation (IC50 = 4.6 ± 1.0 µg/mL), anti-proteinase (IC50 = 4.64 ± 1.0 µg/mL), heat-induced RBC hemolysis (IC50 = 12.39 ± 1.5 µg/mL) and hypotonicity-induced hemolysis (IC50 = 11.31 ± 1.0 µg/mL). Moreover, significant anti-inflammatory activity was found in the carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model at a dose of 0.132 mg/kg.
Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that the developed HPLC method may be used to standardize Acid Uric 3× Tablet and provide scientific evidence of lowering uric acid level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:38:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d564899466542c2b9f3633b280ccdf3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0719-4250 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:38:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | GarVal Editorial Ltda. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d564899466542c2b9f3633b280ccdf32022-12-21T19:05:22ZengGarVal Editorial Ltda.Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research0719-42502020-11-0186501514Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicineAyisha Shaukat0Khalid Hussain1Nadeem Irfan Bukhari2Naureen Shehzadi3Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus Lahore-54000, Pakistan.Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus Lahore-54000, Pakistan.Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus Lahore-54000, Pakistan.Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus Lahore-54000, Pakistan.Context: Despite being a causative agent of gout, uric acid is used as an anti-gout medicine in homeopathy without reported scientific evidence, and such highly diluted medicines lack the exact amount of active ingredient per dose, which is mandatory for pharmacological evaluation. Aims: To determine active contents per tablet and evaluate anti-gout and anti-inflammatory activities of Acid Uric 3× Tablet, a homeopathic anti-gout medicine. Methods: A simple RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of uric acid in Acid Uric 3× Tablet. The standardized tablet was then investigated for anti-gout activity using xanthine oxidase inhibition and potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in rats models. The tablet was also investigated for anti-inflammatory activity employing both in vitro and in vivo models. Results: The developed HPLC method was found to be simple, sensitive and precise. Acid Uric 3× Tablet was found to contain 250 µg uric acid/tablet. This medicine inhibited xanthine oxidase activity (IC50 = 12.42 μg/mL) and lowered the serum uric acid in tablet-treated rats (1.02 mg/dL) as compared to toxic group (4.87 mg/dL). The tablet also showed anti-inflammatory activity in heat-induced protein denaturation (IC50 = 4.6 ± 1.0 µg/mL), anti-proteinase (IC50 = 4.64 ± 1.0 µg/mL), heat-induced RBC hemolysis (IC50 = 12.39 ± 1.5 µg/mL) and hypotonicity-induced hemolysis (IC50 = 11.31 ± 1.0 µg/mL). Moreover, significant anti-inflammatory activity was found in the carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model at a dose of 0.132 mg/kg. Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that the developed HPLC method may be used to standardize Acid Uric 3× Tablet and provide scientific evidence of lowering uric acid level.http://jppres.com/jppres/pdf/vol8/jppres20.861_8.6.501.pdfalternative medicinebiological fluidshomeopathyrp-hplcuric acid |
| spellingShingle | Ayisha Shaukat Khalid Hussain Nadeem Irfan Bukhari Naureen Shehzadi Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research alternative medicine biological fluids homeopathy rp-hplc uric acid |
| title | Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine |
| title_full | Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine |
| title_fullStr | Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine |
| title_short | Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine |
| title_sort | acid uric 3 tablet standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti gout medicine |
| topic | alternative medicine biological fluids homeopathy rp-hplc uric acid |
| url | http://jppres.com/jppres/pdf/vol8/jppres20.861_8.6.501.pdf |
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