Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations
Background: In the last two years, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has determined radical changes in human behaviors and lifestyles, with a drastic reduction in socialization due to physical distancing and self-isolation. These changes have also been reflected in the epidemiological patterns of common respi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/987 |
| _version_ | 1827619084569673728 |
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| author | Gaetana Costanza Pierpaolo Paba Marco Ciotti Domenico Ombres Stefano Di Carlo Fabbio Marcuccilli Ada Bertoli Loide Di Traglia Marcello Mozzani Lucia Piredda Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Carla Paganelli Barbara Cortese Emanuela Balestrieri Sergio Bernardini Massimo Andreoni Claudia Matteucci Antonella Minutolo Sandro Grelli |
| author_facet | Gaetana Costanza Pierpaolo Paba Marco Ciotti Domenico Ombres Stefano Di Carlo Fabbio Marcuccilli Ada Bertoli Loide Di Traglia Marcello Mozzani Lucia Piredda Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Carla Paganelli Barbara Cortese Emanuela Balestrieri Sergio Bernardini Massimo Andreoni Claudia Matteucci Antonella Minutolo Sandro Grelli |
| author_sort | Gaetana Costanza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: In the last two years, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has determined radical changes in human behaviors and lifestyles, with a drastic reduction in socialization due to physical distancing and self-isolation. These changes have also been reflected in the epidemiological patterns of common respiratory viruses. For this reason, early discrimination of respiratory viruses is important as new variants emerge. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs of 2554 patients, with clinically suspected Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) from October 2019 to November 2021, were collected to detect 1 or more of the 23 common respiratory pathogens, especially viruses, via BioFilmArray RP2.1<i>plus</i>, including SARS-CoV-2. Demographical characteristics and epidemiological analyses were performed as well as a laboratory features profile of positive patients. Results: An observational study on 2300 patients (254 patients were excluded because of missing data) including 1560 men and 760 women, median age of 64.5 years, was carried out. Considering the respiratory virus research request, most of the patients were admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department (41.2%, of patients), whereas 29.5% were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department. The most frequently detected pathogens included SARS-CoV-2 (31.06%, 707/2300, from March 2020 to November 2021), InfA-B (1.86%, 43/2300), HCoV (2.17% 50/2300), and HSRV (1.65%, 38/2300). Interestingly, coinfection rates decreased dramatically in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period. The significative decrease in positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the massive vaccination. Conclusion: This study represents a dynamic picture of the epidemiological curve of common respiratory viruses during the two years of pandemic, with a disregarded trend for additional viruses. Our results showed that SARS-CoV-2 had a preferential tropism for the respiratory tract without co-existing with other viruses. The possible causes were attributable either to the use of masks, social isolation, or to specific respiratory receptors mostly available for this virus, external and internal lifestyle factors, vaccination campaigns, and emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:22:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d5a4b9a8b6544c28b228b740efb691f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:22:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d5a4b9a8b6544c28b228b740efb691f2023-12-01T21:56:40ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-07-0112798710.3390/biom12070987Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing ObservationsGaetana Costanza0Pierpaolo Paba1Marco Ciotti2Domenico Ombres3Stefano Di Carlo4Fabbio Marcuccilli5Ada Bertoli6Loide Di Traglia7Marcello Mozzani8Lucia Piredda9Vita Petrone10Marialaura Fanelli11Carla Paganelli12Barbara Cortese13Emanuela Balestrieri14Sergio Bernardini15Massimo Andreoni16Claudia Matteucci17Antonella Minutolo18Sandro Grelli19Virology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Polyclinic Tor Vergata Foundation, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Emergency, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyNational Research Council-Nanotechnology Institute, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Polyclinic Tor Vergata Foundation, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyVirology Unit, Polyclinic Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyBackground: In the last two years, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has determined radical changes in human behaviors and lifestyles, with a drastic reduction in socialization due to physical distancing and self-isolation. These changes have also been reflected in the epidemiological patterns of common respiratory viruses. For this reason, early discrimination of respiratory viruses is important as new variants emerge. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs of 2554 patients, with clinically suspected Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) from October 2019 to November 2021, were collected to detect 1 or more of the 23 common respiratory pathogens, especially viruses, via BioFilmArray RP2.1<i>plus</i>, including SARS-CoV-2. Demographical characteristics and epidemiological analyses were performed as well as a laboratory features profile of positive patients. Results: An observational study on 2300 patients (254 patients were excluded because of missing data) including 1560 men and 760 women, median age of 64.5 years, was carried out. Considering the respiratory virus research request, most of the patients were admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department (41.2%, of patients), whereas 29.5% were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department. The most frequently detected pathogens included SARS-CoV-2 (31.06%, 707/2300, from March 2020 to November 2021), InfA-B (1.86%, 43/2300), HCoV (2.17% 50/2300), and HSRV (1.65%, 38/2300). Interestingly, coinfection rates decreased dramatically in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period. The significative decrease in positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the massive vaccination. Conclusion: This study represents a dynamic picture of the epidemiological curve of common respiratory viruses during the two years of pandemic, with a disregarded trend for additional viruses. Our results showed that SARS-CoV-2 had a preferential tropism for the respiratory tract without co-existing with other viruses. The possible causes were attributable either to the use of masks, social isolation, or to specific respiratory receptors mostly available for this virus, external and internal lifestyle factors, vaccination campaigns, and emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/987respiratory viral pathogensSARS-CoV-2 virussurveillance researchCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Gaetana Costanza Pierpaolo Paba Marco Ciotti Domenico Ombres Stefano Di Carlo Fabbio Marcuccilli Ada Bertoli Loide Di Traglia Marcello Mozzani Lucia Piredda Vita Petrone Marialaura Fanelli Carla Paganelli Barbara Cortese Emanuela Balestrieri Sergio Bernardini Massimo Andreoni Claudia Matteucci Antonella Minutolo Sandro Grelli Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations Biomolecules respiratory viral pathogens SARS-CoV-2 virus surveillance research COVID-19 |
| title | Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations |
| title_full | Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations |
| title_fullStr | Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations |
| title_short | Infection Rate of Respiratory Viruses in the Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Period Considering Symptomatic Patients: Two Years of Ongoing Observations |
| title_sort | infection rate of respiratory viruses in the pandemic sars cov 2 period considering symptomatic patients two years of ongoing observations |
| topic | respiratory viral pathogens SARS-CoV-2 virus surveillance research COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/987 |
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