Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically, anatomically, and transcriptionally heterogeneous disease. The prognosis for a CRC patient depends on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis and widely differs accordingly. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC is an important factor affecting targeted cancer...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2295 |
| _version_ | 1797532731712733184 |
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| author | Gaetano Gallo Giuseppina Vescio Gilda De Paola Giuseppe Sammarco |
| author_facet | Gaetano Gallo Giuseppina Vescio Gilda De Paola Giuseppe Sammarco |
| author_sort | Gaetano Gallo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically, anatomically, and transcriptionally heterogeneous disease. The prognosis for a CRC patient depends on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis and widely differs accordingly. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC is an important factor affecting targeted cancer therapy. The TME has a dynamic composition including various cell types, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, as well as extracellular factors that surround cancer cells and have functional and structural roles under physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, the TME can limit the efficacy of therapeutic agents through high interstitial pressure, fibrosis, and the degradation of the therapeutic agents by enzymatic activity. For this reason, the TME is a fertile ground for the discovery of new drugs. The aim of this narrative review is to present current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the TME composition based on strategies for patients with CRC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:03:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d5aec0bb5a4485e8a9dba220e5bad9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:03:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d5aec0bb5a4485e8a9dba220e5bad9b2023-11-21T21:18:12ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-05-011011229510.3390/jcm10112295Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal CancerGaetano Gallo0Giuseppina Vescio1Gilda De Paola2Giuseppe Sammarco3 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyColorectal cancer (CRC) is a genetically, anatomically, and transcriptionally heterogeneous disease. The prognosis for a CRC patient depends on the stage of the tumor at diagnosis and widely differs accordingly. The tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC is an important factor affecting targeted cancer therapy. The TME has a dynamic composition including various cell types, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, as well as extracellular factors that surround cancer cells and have functional and structural roles under physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, the TME can limit the efficacy of therapeutic agents through high interstitial pressure, fibrosis, and the degradation of the therapeutic agents by enzymatic activity. For this reason, the TME is a fertile ground for the discovery of new drugs. The aim of this narrative review is to present current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the TME composition based on strategies for patients with CRC.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2295tumor microenvironmentcolorectal cancertargeted therapyangiogenesistumor-associated macrophagesregulatory T cells |
| spellingShingle | Gaetano Gallo Giuseppina Vescio Gilda De Paola Giuseppe Sammarco Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Journal of Clinical Medicine tumor microenvironment colorectal cancer targeted therapy angiogenesis tumor-associated macrophages regulatory T cells |
| title | Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full | Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_short | Therapeutic Targets and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer |
| title_sort | therapeutic targets and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer |
| topic | tumor microenvironment colorectal cancer targeted therapy angiogenesis tumor-associated macrophages regulatory T cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2295 |
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