Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics
Available pharmaceutical preparations of enrofloxacin injected SC or IM to cats are likely to cause adverse tissue reactions in the injection sites (pH of the drug preparations is ≥10.4). Tablets often induce abundant ptyalism and vomiting, casting doubt on the efficacy of the drug administration ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2312 |
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| author | Lilia Gutierrez Graciela Tapia Eduardo Gutierrez Hector Sumano |
| author_facet | Lilia Gutierrez Graciela Tapia Eduardo Gutierrez Hector Sumano |
| author_sort | Lilia Gutierrez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Available pharmaceutical preparations of enrofloxacin injected SC or IM to cats are likely to cause adverse tissue reactions in the injection sites (pH of the drug preparations is ≥10.4). Tablets often induce abundant ptyalism and vomiting, casting doubt on the efficacy of the drug administration maneuver. In addition, the reported oral bioavailability is very low. In this trial, the oral pharmacokinetics of dried alginate beads of enrofloxacin (DABE) administered by concealing them in the cat’s moist food or morsels, is described. A naïve polled sampling approach was chosen with fourteen adult healthy cats. Neither their housing nor their feeding habits were altered. A single pharmacokinetic profile was obtained with 5 samples per designated bleeding time, sampling each cat 2–3 times only. None of the cats rejected their medicated food or morsels. Plasma profile of enrofloxacin exhibited an AUC<sub>0–24</sub> value of 12.4 µg·h/mL and an AUC<sub>0–∞</sub> value of 19.2 µg·h/mL, which are comparatively greater than values previously referred for kittens. In contrast, λ and elimination t½ were almost identical (0.12 1/h and 6.1 h). Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics ratios taking the breakpoint of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> as a surrogate (0.5 µg/mL), can be regarded as borderline or low, but perhaps adequate in cats, as higher concentrations may be linked to toxicity (AUC<sub>0–24</sub>/MIC = 24.8; Cmax/MIC = 4.6). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:04:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d8d0ac2488e4c8bbf7deeaf17c71016 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:04:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d8d0ac2488e4c8bbf7deeaf17c710162023-11-22T06:30:18ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-08-01118231210.3390/ani11082312Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its PharmacokineticsLilia Gutierrez0Graciela Tapia1Eduardo Gutierrez2Hector Sumano3Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, MexicoAvailable pharmaceutical preparations of enrofloxacin injected SC or IM to cats are likely to cause adverse tissue reactions in the injection sites (pH of the drug preparations is ≥10.4). Tablets often induce abundant ptyalism and vomiting, casting doubt on the efficacy of the drug administration maneuver. In addition, the reported oral bioavailability is very low. In this trial, the oral pharmacokinetics of dried alginate beads of enrofloxacin (DABE) administered by concealing them in the cat’s moist food or morsels, is described. A naïve polled sampling approach was chosen with fourteen adult healthy cats. Neither their housing nor their feeding habits were altered. A single pharmacokinetic profile was obtained with 5 samples per designated bleeding time, sampling each cat 2–3 times only. None of the cats rejected their medicated food or morsels. Plasma profile of enrofloxacin exhibited an AUC<sub>0–24</sub> value of 12.4 µg·h/mL and an AUC<sub>0–∞</sub> value of 19.2 µg·h/mL, which are comparatively greater than values previously referred for kittens. In contrast, λ and elimination t½ were almost identical (0.12 1/h and 6.1 h). Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics ratios taking the breakpoint of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> as a surrogate (0.5 µg/mL), can be regarded as borderline or low, but perhaps adequate in cats, as higher concentrations may be linked to toxicity (AUC<sub>0–24</sub>/MIC = 24.8; Cmax/MIC = 4.6).https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2312enrofloxacin-alginatepharmacokineticscatsnaïve pooled sampling |
| spellingShingle | Lilia Gutierrez Graciela Tapia Eduardo Gutierrez Hector Sumano Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics Animals enrofloxacin-alginate pharmacokinetics cats naïve pooled sampling |
| title | Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics |
| title_full | Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics |
| title_short | Evaluation of a Tasteless Enrofloxacin Pharmaceutical Preparation for Cats. Naive Pooled-Sample Approach to Study Its Pharmacokinetics |
| title_sort | evaluation of a tasteless enrofloxacin pharmaceutical preparation for cats naive pooled sample approach to study its pharmacokinetics |
| topic | enrofloxacin-alginate pharmacokinetics cats naïve pooled sampling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/8/2312 |
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