Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique
The novelty of this study is the development of an accurate wood moisture content (MC) estimation method based on a relatively brand-new, non-destructive testing technique (drilling chips extraction). The method is especially important in the assessment of existing timber structures, where non-destr...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1699 |
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| author | Roberto D. Martínez José-Antonio Balmori Daniel F. Llana Ignacio Bobadilla |
| author_facet | Roberto D. Martínez José-Antonio Balmori Daniel F. Llana Ignacio Bobadilla |
| author_sort | Roberto D. Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The novelty of this study is the development of an accurate wood moisture content (MC) estimation method based on a relatively brand-new, non-destructive testing technique (drilling chips extraction). The method is especially important in the assessment of existing timber structures, where non-destructive testing (NDT) results are affected by wood MC and should be adjusted to a reference MC, usually 12%. In the assessment of timber structures, it is not possible to determine MC by oven drying method and this should be estimated. Electrical resistance and capacitance are the conventional methods used for MC estimation. This research work aims to present an accurate MC estimation method based on the drilling chips extraction technique. For that, 99 specimens (90 × 65 × 38 mm<sup>3</sup>) from three softwood and hardwood species covering a wide range of densities (from 355 to 978 kg m<sup>−3</sup>) were tested after conditioning at five different MCs (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%). The Wood Extractor device based on the drilling chips extraction technique was used. The mass of the chips collected (drilling residue) from each drill was recorded. The results show that the MC of the chips extracted was statistically significantly different than the MC of the specimen and cannot be directly used as MC determination. However, the chips MC can be used as an estimator of specimen MC with high determination coefficients (R<sup>2</sup> from 71% to 86%). As the main result, models to estimate density directly adjusted to a reference 12% MC from the wet and dry mass of chips extracted were developed with an R<sup>2</sup> of 98%. In sum, the drilling chips extractor is a dependable and straightforward method to estimate MC and density from only one measurement. Density adjusted to a reference 12% MC can be directly estimated from a single model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:39:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6d92c878e2ac46f89503e61f1c471e50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:39:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6d92c878e2ac46f89503e61f1c471e502023-11-19T20:45:49ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-04-01137169910.3390/ma13071699Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction TechniqueRoberto D. Martínez0José-Antonio Balmori1Daniel F. Llana2Ignacio Bobadilla3Timber Structures and Wood Technology Research Group, Universidad de Valladolid, 47014 Valladolid, SpainTimber Structures and Wood Technology Research Group, Universidad de Valladolid, 47014 Valladolid, SpainTimber Construction Research Group, UPM, 28040 Madrid, SpainTimber Construction Research Group, UPM, 28040 Madrid, SpainThe novelty of this study is the development of an accurate wood moisture content (MC) estimation method based on a relatively brand-new, non-destructive testing technique (drilling chips extraction). The method is especially important in the assessment of existing timber structures, where non-destructive testing (NDT) results are affected by wood MC and should be adjusted to a reference MC, usually 12%. In the assessment of timber structures, it is not possible to determine MC by oven drying method and this should be estimated. Electrical resistance and capacitance are the conventional methods used for MC estimation. This research work aims to present an accurate MC estimation method based on the drilling chips extraction technique. For that, 99 specimens (90 × 65 × 38 mm<sup>3</sup>) from three softwood and hardwood species covering a wide range of densities (from 355 to 978 kg m<sup>−3</sup>) were tested after conditioning at five different MCs (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%). The Wood Extractor device based on the drilling chips extraction technique was used. The mass of the chips collected (drilling residue) from each drill was recorded. The results show that the MC of the chips extracted was statistically significantly different than the MC of the specimen and cannot be directly used as MC determination. However, the chips MC can be used as an estimator of specimen MC with high determination coefficients (R<sup>2</sup> from 71% to 86%). As the main result, models to estimate density directly adjusted to a reference 12% MC from the wet and dry mass of chips extracted were developed with an R<sup>2</sup> of 98%. In sum, the drilling chips extractor is a dependable and straightforward method to estimate MC and density from only one measurement. Density adjusted to a reference 12% MC can be directly estimated from a single model.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1699density estimationMC adjustmentdrilling residuenon-destructive testingwood extractortimber structures assessment |
| spellingShingle | Roberto D. Martínez José-Antonio Balmori Daniel F. Llana Ignacio Bobadilla Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique Materials density estimation MC adjustment drilling residue non-destructive testing wood extractor timber structures assessment |
| title | Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique |
| title_full | Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique |
| title_fullStr | Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique |
| title_short | Wood Density and Moisture Content Estimation by Drilling Chips Extraction Technique |
| title_sort | wood density and moisture content estimation by drilling chips extraction technique |
| topic | density estimation MC adjustment drilling residue non-destructive testing wood extractor timber structures assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1699 |
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