Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>
<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes devastating losses in strawberries without effective countermeasures. Members of the genus <i>Photorhabdus</i> exhibit antimicrobial capability and have been found to have the potential for use as b...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/403 |
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| author | Po-Wen Tu Jie-Siang Chiu Chih Lin Chih-Cheng Chien Feng-Chia Hsieh Ming-Che Shih Yu-Liang Yang |
| author_facet | Po-Wen Tu Jie-Siang Chiu Chih Lin Chih-Cheng Chien Feng-Chia Hsieh Ming-Che Shih Yu-Liang Yang |
| author_sort | Po-Wen Tu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes devastating losses in strawberries without effective countermeasures. Members of the genus <i>Photorhabdus</i> exhibit antimicrobial capability and have been found to have the potential for use as biocontrol agents against <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. <i>Photorhabdus</i> species exhibit two phase variations with a differentiated composition of secondary metabolites designated to each phase. In this study, <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 exhibited phase I (PL1) and phase II (PL2); however, only PL1 displayed distinct inhibition of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> in the confrontation assay. We identified the bioactive ingredients of <i>P. akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 to be glidobactin A and cepafungin I, with MIC values lower than 1.5 and 2.0 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, we revealed the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of corresponding bioactive molecules through genomics analysis and determined its expression level in PL1 and PL2. The expression of glidobactin BGC in PL1 increased rapidly within 24 h, while PL2 was eventually stimulated after 60 h. In summary, we demonstrated that <i>P. akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 could potentially be used as a biocontrol agent or part of a natural product repertoire for combating <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:27:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6da15fd1fb55485881c6072f83f00d33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:27:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-6da15fd1fb55485881c6072f83f00d332023-11-30T21:22:13ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-04-018440310.3390/jof8040403Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>Po-Wen Tu0Jie-Siang Chiu1Chih Lin2Chih-Cheng Chien3Feng-Chia Hsieh4Ming-Che Shih5Yu-Liang Yang6Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, TaiwanInstitute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, TaiwanAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, TaiwanAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, TaiwanBiopesticide Division, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung 41358, TaiwanAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, TaiwanAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes devastating losses in strawberries without effective countermeasures. Members of the genus <i>Photorhabdus</i> exhibit antimicrobial capability and have been found to have the potential for use as biocontrol agents against <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>. <i>Photorhabdus</i> species exhibit two phase variations with a differentiated composition of secondary metabolites designated to each phase. In this study, <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 exhibited phase I (PL1) and phase II (PL2); however, only PL1 displayed distinct inhibition of <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> in the confrontation assay. We identified the bioactive ingredients of <i>P. akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 to be glidobactin A and cepafungin I, with MIC values lower than 1.5 and 2.0 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, we revealed the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of corresponding bioactive molecules through genomics analysis and determined its expression level in PL1 and PL2. The expression of glidobactin BGC in PL1 increased rapidly within 24 h, while PL2 was eventually stimulated after 60 h. In summary, we demonstrated that <i>P. akhurstii</i> sp. nov. 0813-124 could potentially be used as a biocontrol agent or part of a natural product repertoire for combating <i>C. gloeosporioides</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/403<i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i>antifungal abilityglidobactinbiocontrol agentnatural product<i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| spellingShingle | Po-Wen Tu Jie-Siang Chiu Chih Lin Chih-Cheng Chien Feng-Chia Hsieh Ming-Che Shih Yu-Liang Yang Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> Journal of Fungi <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> antifungal ability glidobactin biocontrol agent natural product <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title | Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Antifungal Activities of <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> and Its Secondary Metabolites against Phytopathogenic <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| title_sort | evaluation of the antifungal activities of i photorhabdus akhurstii i and its secondary metabolites against phytopathogenic i colletotrichum gloeosporioides i |
| topic | <i>Photorhabdus akhurstii</i> antifungal ability glidobactin biocontrol agent natural product <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/403 |
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