Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications
This work reports the performance characteristics of custom thermocouples developed for use in elevated temperatures such as metal casting operations. The scope of this research is limited to thermocouples designed using pyrolytic graphite (PG) as the primary thermoelement in connection with aluminu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/377 |
| _version_ | 1797538812908273664 |
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| author | Abdul-Sommed Hadi Bryce E. Hill Mohammed Naziru Issahaq |
| author_facet | Abdul-Sommed Hadi Bryce E. Hill Mohammed Naziru Issahaq |
| author_sort | Abdul-Sommed Hadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work reports the performance characteristics of custom thermocouples developed for use in elevated temperatures such as metal casting operations. The scope of this research is limited to thermocouples designed using pyrolytic graphite (PG) as the primary thermoelement in connection with aluminum, copper, steel, and tungsten. The Seebeck coefficients of the sensors were determined from experimental data after heating to ~500 °C. Cooling from ~500 °C to room temperature enabled us to compare the characteristic behaviors of the sensors from the obtained near-linear responses in the voltage-temperature plots. Tungsten being a refractory metal produced the highest sensitivity of the sensors. The sensitivity of the PG-tungsten thermocouple upon heating measured up to 26 μV/°C and a slightly lower value of 24.2 μV/°C was obtained upon cooling. Conversely, the PG-steel thermocouple rather produced the lowest Seebeck coefficients of 13.8 μV/°C during heating and 14.0 μV/°C for the cooling experiments though steel has a high melting temperature than most of the other thermoelements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:36:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6da7ca389cc54c6abcf630de0da6e4cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:36:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6da7ca389cc54c6abcf630de0da6e4cc2023-11-21T14:14:46ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-04-0111437710.3390/cryst11040377Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized ApplicationsAbdul-Sommed Hadi0Bryce E. Hill1Mohammed Naziru Issahaq2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Montana Technological University, 1300 W Park St., Butte, MT 59701, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, Montana Technological University, 1300 W Park St., Butte, MT 59701, USASchool of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USAThis work reports the performance characteristics of custom thermocouples developed for use in elevated temperatures such as metal casting operations. The scope of this research is limited to thermocouples designed using pyrolytic graphite (PG) as the primary thermoelement in connection with aluminum, copper, steel, and tungsten. The Seebeck coefficients of the sensors were determined from experimental data after heating to ~500 °C. Cooling from ~500 °C to room temperature enabled us to compare the characteristic behaviors of the sensors from the obtained near-linear responses in the voltage-temperature plots. Tungsten being a refractory metal produced the highest sensitivity of the sensors. The sensitivity of the PG-tungsten thermocouple upon heating measured up to 26 μV/°C and a slightly lower value of 24.2 μV/°C was obtained upon cooling. Conversely, the PG-steel thermocouple rather produced the lowest Seebeck coefficients of 13.8 μV/°C during heating and 14.0 μV/°C for the cooling experiments though steel has a high melting temperature than most of the other thermoelements.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/377Seebeck coefficientmetal castingsensorrefractory metalsthermocouplepyrolytic graphite |
| spellingShingle | Abdul-Sommed Hadi Bryce E. Hill Mohammed Naziru Issahaq Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications Crystals Seebeck coefficient metal casting sensor refractory metals thermocouple pyrolytic graphite |
| title | Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications |
| title_full | Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications |
| title_fullStr | Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications |
| title_short | Performance Characteristics of Custom Thermocouples for Specialized Applications |
| title_sort | performance characteristics of custom thermocouples for specialized applications |
| topic | Seebeck coefficient metal casting sensor refractory metals thermocouple pyrolytic graphite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/377 |
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