Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with self-renewal ability and multipotency of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. MSCs have appeared as a promising approach for tissue regeneration and immune therapies, which are attributable not only to the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3879 |
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| author | Huixue Tang Huikun Luo Zihan Zhang Di Yang |
| author_facet | Huixue Tang Huikun Luo Zihan Zhang Di Yang |
| author_sort | Huixue Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with self-renewal ability and multipotency of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. MSCs have appeared as a promising approach for tissue regeneration and immune therapies, which are attributable not only to their differentiation into the desired cells but also to their paracrine secretion. MSC-sourced secretome consists of soluble components including growth factors, chemokines, cytokines, and encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs). Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are large EVs (diameter 500𠀓2000 nm) harboring a variety of cellular components including microRNA, mRNA, DNA, protein, and lipids related to the characteristics of the originating cell, which are generated during apoptosis. The released ABs as well as the genetic information they carry are engulfed by target cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts, and subsequently internalized and degraded in the lysosomes, suggesting their ability to facilitate intercellular communication. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the biological functions and therapeutic potential of MSC-derived ABs, including immunomodulation, tissue regeneration, regulation of inflammatory response, and drug delivery system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6daae8941d924930a10e02c4df5024f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-6daae8941d924930a10e02c4df5024f82023-11-24T10:45:20ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-12-011123387910.3390/cells11233879Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic PotentialHuixue Tang0Huikun Luo1Zihan Zhang2Di Yang3Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, ChinaLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, ChinaMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with self-renewal ability and multipotency of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. MSCs have appeared as a promising approach for tissue regeneration and immune therapies, which are attributable not only to their differentiation into the desired cells but also to their paracrine secretion. MSC-sourced secretome consists of soluble components including growth factors, chemokines, cytokines, and encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs). Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are large EVs (diameter 500𠀓2000 nm) harboring a variety of cellular components including microRNA, mRNA, DNA, protein, and lipids related to the characteristics of the originating cell, which are generated during apoptosis. The released ABs as well as the genetic information they carry are engulfed by target cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts, and subsequently internalized and degraded in the lysosomes, suggesting their ability to facilitate intercellular communication. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the biological functions and therapeutic potential of MSC-derived ABs, including immunomodulation, tissue regeneration, regulation of inflammatory response, and drug delivery system.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3879mesenchymal stem cellsapoptosisapoptotic bodiesextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Huixue Tang Huikun Luo Zihan Zhang Di Yang Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential Cells mesenchymal stem cells apoptosis apoptotic bodies extracellular vesicles |
| title | Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_full | Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_fullStr | Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_short | Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Apoptotic Bodies: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_sort | mesenchymal stem cell derived apoptotic bodies biological functions and therapeutic potential |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells apoptosis apoptotic bodies extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3879 |
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