Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid
The Split-pi converter can suitably interface an energy storage system (ESS) with a DC microgrid when galvanic isolation is not needed. Usually, the ESS voltage is lower than the grid-side voltage. However, limitations in terms of the ESS current make the use of a high-voltage ESS unavoidable when h...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1612 |
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| author | Massimiliano Luna Antonino Sferlazza Angelo Accetta Maria Carmela Di Piazza Giuseppe La Tona Marcello Pucci |
| author_facet | Massimiliano Luna Antonino Sferlazza Angelo Accetta Maria Carmela Di Piazza Giuseppe La Tona Marcello Pucci |
| author_sort | Massimiliano Luna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Split-pi converter can suitably interface an energy storage system (ESS) with a DC microgrid when galvanic isolation is not needed. Usually, the ESS voltage is lower than the grid-side voltage. However, limitations in terms of the ESS current make the use of a high-voltage ESS unavoidable when high power levels are required. In such cases, the ESS voltage can be higher than the microgrid voltage, especially with low microgrid voltages such as 48 V. Despite its bidirectionality and symmetry, the Split-pi exhibits a completely different dynamic behavior if its input and output ports are exchanged. Thus, the present work aims to model the Split-pi converter operating with an ESS voltage higher than the grid-side voltage in three typical microgrid scenarios where the controlled variable is the converter’s output voltage. The devised state-space model considers the parasitic elements and the correct load model for each scenario. Furthermore, it is shown that the presence of the input LC filter can make the design of the loop controllers more complicated than in the case of a lower ESS voltage than the grid-side voltage. Finally, the study is validated through simulations and experimental tests on a lab prototype, and a robustness analysis is performed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:53:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6db9393c5bfa42e99f4851ccb310fac8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:53:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-6db9393c5bfa42e99f4851ccb310fac82023-11-16T20:15:17ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-02-01164161210.3390/en16041612Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC MicrogridMassimiliano Luna0Antonino Sferlazza1Angelo Accetta2Maria Carmela Di Piazza3Giuseppe La Tona4Marcello Pucci5Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ingegneria del Mare (INM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria (DI), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 10, 90128 Palermo, ItalyConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ingegneria del Mare (INM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ingegneria del Mare (INM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ingegneria del Mare (INM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Ingegneria del Mare (INM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyThe Split-pi converter can suitably interface an energy storage system (ESS) with a DC microgrid when galvanic isolation is not needed. Usually, the ESS voltage is lower than the grid-side voltage. However, limitations in terms of the ESS current make the use of a high-voltage ESS unavoidable when high power levels are required. In such cases, the ESS voltage can be higher than the microgrid voltage, especially with low microgrid voltages such as 48 V. Despite its bidirectionality and symmetry, the Split-pi exhibits a completely different dynamic behavior if its input and output ports are exchanged. Thus, the present work aims to model the Split-pi converter operating with an ESS voltage higher than the grid-side voltage in three typical microgrid scenarios where the controlled variable is the converter’s output voltage. The devised state-space model considers the parasitic elements and the correct load model for each scenario. Furthermore, it is shown that the presence of the input LC filter can make the design of the loop controllers more complicated than in the case of a lower ESS voltage than the grid-side voltage. Finally, the study is validated through simulations and experimental tests on a lab prototype, and a robustness analysis is performed.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1612Split-pibidirectional converterenergy storage systemdroop controlfeed-forward controlDC microgrid |
| spellingShingle | Massimiliano Luna Antonino Sferlazza Angelo Accetta Maria Carmela Di Piazza Giuseppe La Tona Marcello Pucci Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid Energies Split-pi bidirectional converter energy storage system droop control feed-forward control DC microgrid |
| title | Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid |
| title_full | Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid |
| title_fullStr | Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid |
| title_short | Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Voltage-Controlled Split-Pi Converter Interfacing a High-Voltage ESS with a DC Microgrid |
| title_sort | modeling and experimental validation of a voltage controlled split pi converter interfacing a high voltage ess with a dc microgrid |
| topic | Split-pi bidirectional converter energy storage system droop control feed-forward control DC microgrid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/4/1612 |
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